More Ornamented Males Exhibit Increased Predation Risk and Antipredatory Escapes, but not Greater Mortality
More Ornamented Males Exhibit Increased Predation Risk and Antipredatory Escapes, but not Greater Mortality
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装饰更多的雄性表现出更高的捕食风险和反捕食逃逸，但死亡率并没有更高
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发表时间：
2011
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
E. Hebets
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作者：
K. Fowler‐Finn;E. Hebets
第二性征不仅通过增加配偶获得而赋予其持有者利益，但也可能有固有的成本，包括对捕食者的吸引力。在这里，我们研究了显着的第二性征和捕食成本之间的关系，使用两个男性变形的裂殖狼蛛：刷腿和non-adminented。在野外，我们进行了两个捕食实验，使用人工围隔直接测试捕食的死亡率成本的两个雄性变种。使用一种天然的捕食者，一种更大的狼蛛属Hogna，我们发现没有区别的捕食刷腿与非obstrented男性。然而，捕食取决于环境条件。更多的人被捕食后，在夜间（与白天）和岩石凋落物（与落叶），但两个男性变种捕食后，平等地在整个环境处理。一个实验室实验纳入了一个单一的捕食者（Hogna）和每个男性形态之间的阶段性相互作用，以研究捕食事件的细节。我们再次发现，在刷状腿和非瘫痪的男性之间没有差异的死亡率。然而，刷腿的男性更早受到攻击，更有可能逃脱攻击。我们的研究结果表明，性取向和捕食风险以及逃避行为之间的关联。
Secondary sexual traits not only confer benefits to their bearer through increased mate acquisition, but may also have inherent costs, including the attraction of predators. Here, we examined the relationship between conspicuous secondary sexual traits and predation costs using two male morphs of Schizocosa wolf spiders: brush-legged and non-ornamented. In the field, we ran two predation experiments using artificial enclosures to directly test mortality costs of predation on the two male morphs. Using a natural predator, a larger wolf spider in the genus Hogna, we found no difference in predation on brush-legged vs. non-ornamented males. However, predation was depends on environmental conditions. More individuals were preyed upon at night (vs. during the day) and on rock litter (vs. leaf litter), but the two male morphs were preyed upon equally to each other across environmental treatments. A laboratory experiment incorporated staged interactions between a single predator (Hogna) and each male morph to examine finer details of predation events. Again, we found no differential mortality between brush-legged and non-ornamented males. However, brush-legged males were attacked sooner and were more likely to escape the attack. Our results show an association between sexual ornamentation and predation risk as well as escape behavior.