The development of bystander intentions and social-moral reasoning about intergroup verbal aggression
The development of bystander intentions and social-moral reasoning about intergroup verbal aggression
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DOI：
10.1111/bjdp.12092
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发表时间：
2015-11-01
影响因子：
2.3
通讯作者：
Cameron, Lindsey
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Palmer, Sally B.;Rutland, Adam;Cameron, Lindsey
本研究采用发展性群体间研究方法，考察儿童和青少年亲社会旁观者意向的发展。参与者作为旁观者（N=260），年龄为8-10岁和13- 15岁，他们被呈现了来自不同社会群体的个体之间的直接攻击场景（即，组间言语攻击）。这些情况涉及内群体攻击者和外群体受害者或外群体攻击者和内群体受害者。本研究的重点是群体间因素（群体成员资格，内群体识别，群体规范，社会道德推理）在亲社会旁观者意图的发展中的作用。结果表明，亲社会旁观者的意图随着年龄的增长而下降。这种影响部分介导的内团体规范干预和感知的严重程度的言语攻击。然而，一个温和的调解分析表明，只有当受害者是一个内组成员和侵略者的外组成员参与者变得更有可能随着年龄的增长，报告亲社会旁观者的意图，由于增加内组识别。研究结果还表明，年幼的儿童集中在道德问题和青少年更注重心理问题时，推理他们的旁观者的意图。这些新的发现有助于解释发展下降的亲社会旁观者的意图，从童年中期到青春期早期观察直接群际攻击。
A developmental intergroup approach was taken to examine the development of prosocial bystander intentions among children and adolescents. Participants as bystanders (N=260) aged 8-10 and 13-15years were presented with scenarios of direct aggression between individuals from different social groups (i.e., intergroup verbal aggression). These situations involved either an ingroup aggressor and an outgroup victim or an outgroup aggressor and an ingroup victim. This study focussed on the role of intergroup factors (group membership, ingroup identification, group norms, and social-moral reasoning) in the development of prosocial bystander intentions. Findings showed that prosocial bystander intentions declined with age. This effect was partially mediated by the ingroup norm to intervene and perceived severity of the verbal aggression. However, a moderated mediation analysis showed that only when the victim was an ingroup member and the aggressor an outgroup member did participants become more likely with age to report prosocial bystander intentions due to increased ingroup identification. Results also showed that younger children focussed on moral concerns and adolescents focussed more on psychological concerns when reasoning about their bystander intention. These novel findings help explain the developmental decline in prosocial bystander intentions from middle childhood into early adolescence when observing direct intergroup aggression.