Anomalous marine calcium cycle linked to carbonate factory change after the Smithian Thermal Maximum (Early Triassic)
Anomalous marine calcium cycle linked to carbonate factory change after the Smithian Thermal Maximum (Early Triassic)
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异常海洋钙循环与史密斯热极大期（早三叠世）后碳酸盐工厂的变化有关
DOI：
10.1016/j.earscirev.2020.103418
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发表时间：
2020-12
影响因子：
12.1
通讯作者：
Hu Zihao
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Zhao He;Dahl Tais W;Chen Zhong-Qiang;Algeo Thomas J;Zhang Lei;Liu Yongsheng;Hu Zhaochu;Hu Zihao
在地球历史上最大规模的动物灭绝事件中，最近二叠纪的极端温室效应起到了关键作用。物种灭绝可能是由火山喷发引发的，火山喷发大幅增加了大气中的二氧化碳水平，并将地球系统推入了一个致命的炎热温室状态，海洋分层、缺氧和酸性更强。数百万年后，这些条件在史密斯期中晚期(STM)期间加剧，在随后跨越Smithian-Sparian边界(SSB)的冷却过程中，生物多样性进一步丧失。海相碳酸盐厂预计在此期间发生了变化，但相关研究仍然缺乏。本文报道了中国南部两个海相碳酸盐岩剖面(嘉荣和石头寨)的块状碳酸盐岩(δ44/40Cacarb)的钙同位素资料。结果表明，‰44/40Cacarb的~0.50-0.7Cacarb正移与δ~(13)C的‰~(13)C正移有关。海洋钙循环的盒子模拟产生了两种情景(即恒定的和可变的δ44/40Caseawater)，可以产生~0.5Cacarb的‰正移：(1)两个地点的原生碳酸盐矿物学从80%文石到80%方解石的局部矿物学转移，或(2)全球碳酸盐埋藏通量增加10倍。前者与研究区钙镁比上升~20~50倍、锶/钙比值下降~10~50倍相吻合，后者与早斯帕西世全球大规模碳酸盐沉积相吻合。在SSB气候冷却过程中，碱性深水的海洋倾覆和上升流被认为是碳酸盐埋藏通量增加的主要原因。因此，SSB的转变标志着在气候冷却、海洋通风和大陆架上海相碳酸盐沉积显著上升引发的二叠纪末期大规模灭绝之后，海洋动物群的恢复迈出了重要的一步。
Extreme greenhouse warming in the latest Permian played a key role in the largest animal extinction event ever recorded in Earth history. The extinction was likely triggered by volcanic eruptions that dramatically increased atmospheric CO2levels and pushed the Earth system into a lethally hot greenhouse state with stratified, anoxic and more acidic oceans. These conditions intensified a few million years later during the middle/late Smithian Thermal Maximum (STM), and a further biodiversity loss occurred during the subsequent cooling across the Smithian-Spathian boundary (SSB). The marine carbonate factory is expected to have changed during this period, but relevant studies are still lacking. Here, we report calcium isotopic data of bulk carbonate rocks (δ44/40Cacarb) from two marine carbonate sections (Jiarong and Shitouzhai) in South China, showing ~0.5–0.7‰ positive shift of δ44/40Cacarbcoupled to a ~ 4–6‰ positive shift of δ13Ccarbfrom the middle Smithian to the early Spathian. Box modeling of the marine Ca cycle yielded two scenarios (i.e., constant and variable δ44/40Caseawater) that can produce a ~0.5‰ positive shift of δ44/40Cacarb: (1) A local mineralogical shift in primary carbonate mineralogy at both sites from 80% aragonite to 80% calcite, or (2) a >10× increase of global carbonate burial flux. The former is consistent with a ~20-50-fold rise of Ca/Mg ratios and ~10-50-fold decrease of Sr/Ca ratios in the study sections, and the latter fits well with massive carbonate deposition globally during the early Spathian. Oceanic overturn and upwelling of alkaline deep waters during SSB climatic cooling is proposed as the main reason for the increase in carbonate burial flux. Thus, the SSB transition marks an important step in the recovery of the marine fauna after the end-Permian mass extinction triggered by climatic cooling, ocean ventilation, and a pronounced rise in marine carbonate deposition on continental shelves.
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影响因子：
5.3
作者：
Galfetti, Thomas;Bucher, Hugo;Guodun, Kuang
通讯作者：
Guodun, Kuang
影响因子：
5.3
作者：
S. Kasemann;P. P. V. Strandmann-P.;A. Prave;A. Fallick;T. Elliott;K. Hoffmann
通讯作者：
S. Kasemann;P. P. V. Strandmann-P.;A. Prave;A. Fallick;T. Elliott;K. Hoffmann
影响因子：
5
作者：
E. Young;R. Ash;A. Galy;N. Belshaw
通讯作者：
E. Young;R. Ash;A. Galy;N. Belshaw
影响因子：
5
作者：
Jiuyuan Wang;A. Jacobson;Hua Zhang;J. Ramezani;B. Sageman;M. Hurtgen;S. Bowring;S. Shen
通讯作者：
Jiuyuan Wang;A. Jacobson;Hua Zhang;J. Ramezani;B. Sageman;M. Hurtgen;S. Bowring;S. Shen
影响因子：
5
作者：
R. Hindshaw;J. Rickli;J. Leuthold;J. Wadham;B. Bourdon
通讯作者：
R. Hindshaw;J. Rickli;J. Leuthold;J. Wadham;B. Bourdon