Encyclopedia of E-Business Development and Management in the Global Economy
Encyclopedia of E-Business Development and Management in the Global Economy
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全球经济中电子商务发展与管理百科全书
DOI：
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发表时间：
2010
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通讯作者：
Nirvikar Singh
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作者：
Nirvikar Singh
本系列中使用的产品或公司名称仅用于识别目的。包含产品或公司名称并不表示IGI Global对商标或注册商标拥有所有权。全球经济中的电子商务发展和管理百科全书/李仁，编辑。p.cm。包括参考书目和索引。总结：“这本研究书是一个知识库，供学者，研究人员和行业从业者分享和交流他们的研究思想，理论和实践经验，讨论挑战和机遇，并提出在数字经济中电子商务发展和管理的各个方面的工具和技术。本书的所有贡献都是新的，以前未出版的材料。本书中表达的观点是作者的观点，但不一定是出版商的观点。1.在电子商务发展的早期，就有人预测将出现很大程度的非中介化，即，通过使用互联网，中间商将从价值链中被淘汰。理由如下。中间人的经济利益是，他们降低了公司外部职能的交易成本（Coase，1937）。因此，随着数字技术降低了公开市场的交易成本，这些中间人的作用将受到威胁（Tapscott，1996年; Downes & Mui，1998年）。然而，事实证明，中介机构非常强大，即使它们已经改变了自己的角色和职能。亚马逊、eBay和雅虎等电子商务公司的成功证明了中介的持续价值。即使在一个被数字技术重塑的经济体中，中介机构仍在增加价值，并找到新的方式。本文通过从专业化经济、规模经济和范围经济的角度考察中介的基本经济学，探讨了电子商务中介的演变和稳健性。它认为所有权，转换和代理作为中介的不同维度。它研究了各种中介角色，以及它们如何在范围经济和获取价值的战略尝试的驱动下结合起来。它讨论了各种中介角色是如何通过数字技术的影响在电子商务中发生变化的。处于数字技术使用前沿的金融中介机构的具体情况提供了几个例子（Singh，2000年）。结论是，中介机构是重要的，足够多样化，他们将生存和繁荣的电子商务时代。非中介化不会是一个普遍的结果。传统的中介机构，
Product or company names used in this set are for identification purposes only. Inclusion of the names of the products or companies does not indicate a claim of ownership by IGI Global of the trademark or registered trademark. Encyclopedia of e-business development and management in the global economy / In Lee, editor. p. cm. Includes bibliographical references and index. Summary: "This research book is a repository for academicians, researchers, and industry practitioners to share and exchange their research ideas, theories, and practical experiences, discuss challenges and opportunities, and present tools and techniques in all aspects of e-business development and management in the digital economy"-Provided by publisher. All work contributed to this book is new, previously-unpublished material. The views expressed in this book are those of the authors, but not necessarily of the publisher. INTRODUCTION Very early in the evolution of e-commerce, predictions were made that a significant degree of disintermediation would occur, i.e., that middle-men would be eliminated from the value chain through the use of the Internet. The reasoning was as follows. The economic benefit of middlemen, or intermediaries, is that they reduce transaction costs for functions that are outside the firm (Coase, 1937). Therefore, as digital technology reduced transaction costs in the open market, the role of these middlemen would be threatened (Tapscott, 1996; Downes & Mui, 1998). However, intermediaries have proven to be remarkably robust, even as they have transformed their roles and functions. The success of e-commerce firms like Amazon, eBay, and Yahoo is a testament to the continued value of intermediation. Even in an economy reshaped by digital technology, intermediaries still add value, and find new ways of doing so. This article examines the evolution and robust-ness of intermediation in e-commerce, by examining the fundamental economics of intermediation in terms of economies of specialization, scale, and scope. It considers ownership, transformation, and agency as different dimensions of intermediaries. It examines various intermediary roles, and how they are combined, driven by economies of scope and strategic attempts to capture value. It discusses how the various intermediary roles are changing in e-commerce, through the impact of digital technology. The specific case of financial intermediaries, at the forefront of digital technology usage, provides several examples (Singh, 2000). The conclusion is that intermediaries are important and varied enough that they will survive and thrive in the era of e-commerce. Disintermediation will not be a general outcome. Traditional intermediaries that …