In vitro assays of rod and cone opsin activity: retinoid analogs as agonists and inverse agonists.

In vitro assays of rod and cone opsin activity: retinoid analogs as agonists and inverse agonists.
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视杆细胞和视锥细胞视蛋白活性的体外测定:类维生素A类似物作为激动剂和反向激动剂。

DOI:
10.1007/978-1-60327-325-1_4
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发表时间:
2010
期刊:
Methods in molecular biology (Clifton, N.J.)
影响因子:
--
通讯作者:
Crouch,RosalieK
Crouch,RosalieK
中科院分区:
--
文献类型:
--
作者:
Kono,Masahiro;Crouch,RosalieK

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在吸收光子后,结合的11-顺式-类维生素A异构化为全转化,导致蛋白质构象变化,使其能够激活其G蛋白,转导素,以开始视觉信号转导级联。天然配体,11-顺式-视黄醛,作为视杆细胞和视锥细胞视色素脱辅基蛋白(视蛋白)的反向激动剂;全反式-视黄醛是一种激动剂。视网膜的截短类似物已被用于表征与视杆视蛋白的结构-功能关系,但很少与视锥视蛋白一起进行。通过视蛋白激活转导蛋白是表征视蛋白构象状态的一种方法。本章描述了一种体外转导激活试验,可用于视锥细胞视蛋白,以确定不同的配体可以作为激动剂或反向激动剂的程度,以深入了解视锥细胞视蛋白的配体结合口袋和不同类别的视蛋白之间的差异。配体对视锥蛋白活性的影响的理解可以潜在地应用于未来靶向视蛋白的治疗剂。
Upon absorption of a photon, the bound 11-cis-retinoid isomerizes to the all-transform resulting in a protein conformational change that enables it to activate its G protein, transducin, to begin the visual signal transduction cascade. The native ligand, 11-cis-retinal, acts as an inverse agonist to both the apoproteins of rod and cone visual pigments (opsins); all-trans-retinal is an agonist. Truncated analogs of retinal have been used to characterize structure–function relationships with rod opsins, but little has been done with cone opsins. Activation of transducin by an opsin is one method to characterize the conformational state of the opsin. This chapter describes an in vitro transducin activation assay that can be used with cone opsins to determine the degree to which different ligands can act as an agonist or an inverse agonist to gain insight into the ligand-binding pocket of cone opsins and differences between the different classes of opsins. The understanding of the effects of ligands on cone opsin activity can potentially be applied to future therapeutic agents targeting opsins.
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