Group II Introns: Mobile Ribozymes that Invade DNA
Group II Introns: Mobile Ribozymes that Invade DNA
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DOI：
10.1101/cshperspect.a003616
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发表时间：
2011-08-01
影响因子：
7.2
通讯作者：
Zimmerly, Steven
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Lambowitz, Alan M.;Zimmerly, Steven
II组内含子是移动的核酶，其从前体RNA自我剪接以产生切除的内含子内含子RNA，其然后通过反向剪接侵入新的基因组DNA位点。内含子编码逆转录酶，其稳定催化活性RNA结构以进行正向和反向剪接，并且随后将整合的内含子RNA转化回DNA。II组内含子的特征表明它们或它们的近亲是真核生物中剪接体内含子、剪接体和反转录转座子的进化祖先。此外，它们基于核酶的DNA整合机制使得能够将II组内含子开发成基因靶向载体（“靶向子”），其具有易于编程的DNA靶特异性的独特特征。
Group II introns are mobile ribozymes that self-splice from precursor RNAs to yield excised intron lariat RNAs, which then invade new genomic DNA sites by reverse splicing. The introns encode a reverse transcriptase that stabilizes the catalytically active RNA structure for forward and reverse splicing, and afterwards converts the integrated intron RNA back into DNA. The characteristics of group II introns suggest that they or their close relatives were evolutionary ancestors of spliceosomal introns, the spliceosome, and retrotransposons in eukaryotes. Further, their ribozyme-based DNA integration mechanism enabled the development of group II introns into gene targeting vectors ("targetrons"), which have the unique feature of readily programmable DNA target specificity.