When Bureaucracy Meets the Crowd: Studying “Open Government” in the Vienna City Administration
When Bureaucracy Meets the Crowd: Studying “Open Government” in the Vienna City Administration
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当官僚主义遇上大众：研究维也纳市政府的“开放政府”
DOI：
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发表时间：
2017
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Markus A. Höllerer
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
M. Kornberger;Renate E. Meyer;Christof Brandtner;Markus A. Höllerer
开放政府很流行，但很模糊：尽管从业者、政策制定者和其他人称赞它的优点，但人们对开放政府与官僚组织的关系知之甚少。本文介绍了对奥地利维也纳城市的定性调查的见解。它展示了城市管理和“开放”之间的相遇如何将人群的分散原则，如透明度、参与性和分布式认知，与官僚机构的集中原则，如保密性、专家知识、书面文件和规则并列在一起。本文探讨了这一理论难题是如何解决的，以及城市高级管理人员如何看待开放政府与其行政管理的官僚性质有关。这份文件的目的有两个：第一，从经验上追溯官僚机构和开放政府之间的冲突的复杂性；第二，对公共行政的持续合理化进行批判性的理论化，尽管它的官僚原则不断受到挑战。通过这样做，提高了我们对现代官僚组织在更加开放、透明和与环境互动的条件下的理解。
Open Government is en vogue, yet vague: while practitioners, policy-makers, and others praise its virtues, little is known about how Open Government relates to bureaucratic organization. This paper presents insights from a qualitative investigation into the City of Vienna, Austria. It demonstrates how the encounter between the city administration and “the open” juxtaposes the decentralizing principles of the crowd, such as transparency, participation, and distributed cognition, with the centralizing principles of bureaucracy, such as secrecy, expert knowledge, written files, and rules. The paper explores how this theoretical conundrum is played out and how senior city managers perceive Open Government in relation to the bureaucratic nature of their administration. The purpose of this paper is twofold: first, to empirically trace the complexities of the encounter between bureaucracy and Open Government; and second, to critically theorize the ongoing rationalization of public administration in spite of constant challenges to its bureaucratic principles. In so doing, the paper advances our understanding of modern bureaucratic organizations under the condition of increased openness, transparency, and interaction with their environments.