Mad men, women and steroid cocktails: a review of the impact of sex and other factors on anabolic androgenic steroids effects on affective behaviors.
Mad men, women and steroid cocktails: a review of the impact of sex and other factors on anabolic androgenic steroids effects on affective behaviors.
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DOI：
10.1007/s00213-015-4193-6
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发表时间：
2016-02
影响因子：
3.4
通讯作者：
Henderson LP
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Onakomaiya MM;Henderson LP
几十年来，精英运动员和越来越多的休闲消费者一直使用合成代谢雄激素(AAS)作为提高成绩的药物。尽管越来越多的证据表明，非法使用这些合成类固醇会对情感状态产生有害影响，但关于这些药物针对性别的具体作用的信息仍然很缺乏。这篇综述的重点是评估性及其与其他环境因素相互作用对情感行为的重要性的信息，重点是来自非人类研究的数据。在PubMed数据库中搜索两性的相关研究。检查女性使用AAS的研究有限，反映出女性使用AAS的流行率较低。然而，数据表明，在AAS对类焦虑和攻击性行为的影响、与其他滥用药物的相互作用以及AAS与其他环境因素(如饮食和锻炼)的相互作用方面，AAS在性别上存在显著差异。目前评估AAS使用的方法存在局限性，表明存在报告不足和报告过度的偏见，这可能会放大女性的偏见，她们在人类受试者的自我报告研究中代表性较差，很少在动物研究中使用。来自动物文献的数据表明，在AAS对攻击性、焦虑和伴随使用其他滥用物质的影响方面，存在显著的性别差异。这些结果与服用这些药物作为提高成绩物质的人类女性以及可能在转变为男性性别身份时非法自我给予AAS的跨性别XX人有关。
For several decades, elite athletes and a growing number of recreational consumers have used anabolic androgenic steroids (AAS) as performance enhancing drugs. Despite mounting evidence that illicit use of these synthetic steroids has detrimental effects on affective states, information available on sex-specific actions of these drugs is lacking. The focus of this review is to assess information to date on the importance of sex and its interaction with other environmental factors on affective behaviors, with an emphasis on data derived from non-human studies. The PubMed database was searched for relevant studies in both sexes. Studies examining AAS use in females are limited, reflecting the lower prevalence of use in this sex. Data, however, indicate significant sex-specific differences in AAS effects on anxiety-like and aggressive behaviors, interactions with other drugs of abuse, and the interplay of AAS with other environmental factors such as diet and exercise. Current methods for assessing AAS use have limitations that suggest biases of both under- and over-reporting, which may be amplified for females who are poorly represented in self-report studies of human subjects and are rarely used in animal studies. Data from animal literature suggest that there are significant sex-specific differences in the impact of AAS on aggression, anxiety, and concomitant use of other abused substances. These results have relevance for human females who take these drugs as performance enhancing substances and for transgender XX individuals who may illicitly self-administer AAS as they transition to a male gender identity.