Aggression and fitness differences between plumage morphs in the common buzzard (Buteo buteo)
Aggression and fitness differences between plumage morphs in the common buzzard (Buteo buteo)
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DOI：
10.1093/beheco/arn132
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发表时间：
2009-01-01
影响因子：
2.4
通讯作者：
Krueger, O.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Boerner, M.;Krueger, O.
鸟类遗传羽毛多态性越来越被认为是影响鸟类生活史的潜在重要特征。在普通秃鹰 Buteo buteo 中，3 种颜色变形的终生繁殖成功率 (LRS) 有所不同，但导致这些差异的直接机制尚不清楚。我们首先使用大幅扩展的 LRS 数据集确认了之前发现的适应度差异的稳定性。为了找到这些差异的潜在原因，我们通过实验研究了变形体针对种间捕食者和种内竞争者的攻击行为的变化。这些变体在攻击行为上表现出巨大的差异。浅色雄性对种间捕食者最具攻击性，其次是中间色和深色雄性。在雌性中，这种模式是相反的，导致两种形态的攻击性存在性别相关的差异。当保卫自己的领地免受种内竞争者的攻击时，没有发现攻击性的绝对差异，但变体对与自己相似的变体的入侵者反应最强烈。这表明，变体之间和内部的攻击行为都不同，从而导致种群水平上的复杂模式。再加上强烈的适应性差异，我们的结果表明多态性的遗传基础具有深远的行为后果。
Genetic plumage polymorphism in birds is increasingly recognized as a potentially important trait influencing birds' life histories. In the common buzzard Buteo buteo, the 3 color morphs vary in lifetime reproductive success (LRS), but the proximate mechanisms leading to these differences are unknown. We first confirmed the stability of the fitness differences found previously, using a greatly extended LRS data set. To find potential causes for these differences, we experimentally studied variation in aggressive behavior of the morphs, both against an interspecific predator and intraspecific competitors. The morphs showed substantial variation in aggressive behavior. Light-colored males were most aggressive toward an interspecific predator, followed by intermediate and dark males. In females, this pattern was reversed, resulting in sex-related differences of aggression in 2 morphs. When defending their territory against intraspecific competitors, no absolute difference in aggression was found, but the morphs reacted strongest toward intruders of a morph similar to their own. This suggests that aggression differs both between and within morphs, leading to a complex pattern on the population level. Coupled with the strong fitness differences, our results suggest that the genetic basis of the polymorphism has far-reaching behavioral consequences.