MurKy waters: Modeling the succession from r to K strategists (diatoms to dinoflagellates) following a nutrient release from a mining facility in Florida
MurKy waters: Modeling the succession from r to K strategists (diatoms to dinoflagellates) following a nutrient release from a mining facility in Florida
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DOI：
10.1002/lno.12420
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发表时间：
2023-08
影响因子：
4.5
通讯作者：
Yuren Chen;Ming Li;P. Glibert;C. Heil
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Yuren Chen;Ming Li;P. Glibert;C. Heil
脉冲营养物注入或极端径流事件对海洋生态系统的影响远不如与长期富营养化相关的研究，特别是在调节浮游生物群落结构响应的机制方面。2021年，超过8亿升富含营养的水从化肥矿在两周内排放到佛罗里达的坦帕湾，为记录浮游生物的反应提供了独特的机会。开发了一个3D耦合水动力地球化学模型来研究这种响应，并了解观察到的一个大的，短的硅藻水华，其次是一个二级Karenia brevis水华，持续整个夏天的继承。该模型再现了营养盐浓度、总叶绿素a、硅藻和钾的观测变化。坦帕湾的生物量。随着更快的生长速度和接近最佳生长窗口的春季温度，硅藻具有初始竞争优势，其中2/3的营养吸收归因于铵，1/3归因于硝酸盐。然而，耗尽外部营养导致硅藻水华的迅速下降，和相关的特定有机氮下沉到海湾沉积物。在接下来的几周里，沉积物中铵的释放增加，溶解有机氮的夏季再矿化提供了足够的再生氮来支持缓慢生长的K。可以利用低营养条件的短吻鳕。建模分析在很大程度上证实了Margalef关于r到K选择物种继承的概念模型，并为支持初始硅藻水华和随后缓慢生长的有害藻类水华的营养循环提供了更多见解。
The impacts of pulsed nutrient injections or extreme runoff events on marine ecosystems are far less studied than those associated with long‐term eutrophication, particularly in regard to mechanisms regulating the response of plankton community structure. Over 800 million liters of nutrient‐rich water from a fertilizer mine were discharged over a 2‐week period into Tampa Bay, Florida, in 2021, providing a unique opportunity to document the plankton response. A 3D‐coupled hydrodynamic biogeochemical model was developed to investigate this response and to understand the observed succession of a large, short diatom bloom followed by a secondary Karenia brevis bloom that lasted through the summer. The model reproduced the observed changes in nutrient concentration, total chlorophyll a, and diatom and K. brevis biomass in Tampa Bay. With a faster growth rate and spring temperature close to the optimal window of growth, diatoms had an initial competitive advantage, with 2/3 of the nutrient uptake due to ammonium and 1/3 due to nitrate. However, exhaustion of external nutrients led to the rapid decline of the diatom bloom, and the associated particular organic nitrogen sank onto the bay sediment. Enhanced sediment release of ammonium during the weeks following, and summer remineralization of dissolved organic nitrogen provided sufficient regenerated nitrogen to support slow‐growing K. brevis that could capitalize on low nutrient conditions. Modeling analysis largely confirmed Margalef's conceptual model of r to K‐selected species succession and provided additional insights into nutrient cycling supporting the initial diatom bloom and the subsequent bloom of a slow‐growing harmful algal species.