Myo-inositol, Glutamate, and Glutamine in the Prefrontal Cortex, Hippocampus, and Amygdala in Major Depression
Myo-inositol, Glutamate, and Glutamine in the Prefrontal Cortex, Hippocampus, and Amygdala in Major Depression
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DOI：
10.1016/j.bpsc.2016.11.006
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发表时间：
2017-03-01
影响因子：
5.9
通讯作者：
Okubo, Toshiyuki
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Shirayama, Yukihiko;Takahashi, Michio;Okubo, Toshiyuki
背景：抑郁症患者的大脑在不同区域表现出许多变化。最近，质子磁共振波谱已被用于测量脑代谢物，使用饱和带来塑造感兴趣的体积。我们的先验假设是抑郁症海马和杏仁核中的肌醇和谷氨酸下调。方法：我们使用3T质子磁共振波谱技术测量了22名首次用药的重性抑郁症患者和27名健康对照者的内侧前额叶皮层、海马和杏仁核的脑代谢物。结果：与健康对照组相比，患者在所有三个区域的肌醇水平和内侧前额叶皮层的谷氨酸水平均有统计学意义上的显著降低。此外，我们发现内侧前额叶皮层和杏仁核中谷氨酸与肌酸加磷酸肌酸的比例显著降低。此外，谷氨酰胺与肌酸加磷酸肌酸的比例在所有三个区域都有所下降，尽管并非所有参与者都提供了可靠的数据。最后，内侧前额叶皮层和杏仁核的谷氨酸水平与执行功能和海马的记忆功能有显著的相关性。海马肌肌醇与血液皮质醇显著相关。结论：我们的研究结果表明，重度抑郁症患者大脑中肌醇、谷氨酸和谷氨酰胺水平异常。
BACKGROUND: The brains of patients with depression exhibit many changes in various regions. Recently, proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy has been used to measure brain metabolites, using saturation bands to shape the volume of interest. Our a priori hypothesis was that myo-inositol and glutamate were downregulated in the hippocampus and amygdala in depression.METHODS: We measured brain metabolites from the medial prefrontal cortex, hippocampus, and amygdala of 22 drug-naive, first-episode patients with major depressive disorder and 27 healthy control subjects using 3T proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy.RESULTS: Compared with healthy control subjects, patients showed statistically significant reductions in myoinositol levels in all three regions and reductions in glutamate levels in the medial prefrontal cortex. Furthermore, we found significant decreases in the ratios of glutamate to creatine plus phosphocreatine in the medial prefrontal cortex and amygdala. Additionally, the ratios of glutamine to creatine plus phosphocreatine were also decreased in all three regions examined, although not all the participants presented reliable data. Finally, glutamate levels in the medial prefrontal cortex and amygdala have significant correlations with executive function and those in the hippocampus with memory function. Hippocampal myo-inositol was significantly related to blood cortisol.CONCLUSIONS: Our findings indicated abnormal myo-inositol, glutamate, and glutamine levels in the brains of major depressive disorder patients.