Genetic variation in four maturity genes affects photoperiod insensitivity and PHYA-regulated post-flowering responses of soybean.
Genetic variation in four maturity genes affects photoperiod insensitivity and PHYA-regulated post-flowering responses of soybean.
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四个成熟基因的遗传变异影响大豆的光周期不敏感性和 PHYA 调节的花后反应
DOI：
10.1186/1471-2229-13-91
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发表时间：
2013-06-25
影响因子：
5.3
通讯作者：
Abe J
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Xu M;Xu Z;Liu B;Kong F;Tsubokura Y;Watanabe S;Xia Z;Harada K;Kanazawa A;Yamada T;Abe J
背景水稻和大豆等短日照作物要适应高纬度，对光周期不敏感或不敏感是必需的。大豆的光周期不敏感性由两个遗传系统控制，涉及三个重要的成熟基因：拟南芥开花基因T(GmFT2a和GmFT5a)的两个大豆同源基因的阻遏基因E1和光敏色素A基因E3和E4。为了阐明大豆光周期不敏感的不同机制，我们对早花光周期不敏感品种的4个成熟基因(E1到E4)的基因类型及其与花后反应的关系进行了分析。结果根据已知的DNA标记，我们在最初被认为具有显性E3等位基因的材料中发现了两个新的功能障碍等位基因。E3基因座与E1、E4等位基因一起含有多个功能障碍等位基因。共鉴定出15个多位点型，按功能将其划分为6个等位基因组。其中，1-AS/E3/E4基因组需要额外的新基因(不同于E1、E3和E4)来调节光周期不敏感性。尽管具有相同的开花前光周期不敏感性，但不同多位基因类型的材料对花后光周期的反应是不同的。携带E3或E4的品种对花后生育期、花后茎生长等光周期反应敏感。与拟南芥FLOWER1同源的决定生长习性基因Dt1的光敏色素A调控的表达参与了花诱导植株茎顶端分生组织在长日照条件下营养活性的持续。结论大豆对光周期不敏感的遗传机制不同。至少有3个由不同等位基因组合组成的多位点基因组合在E_1、E_3和E_4位点处赋予大豆品种开花前对光周期的不敏感性，但导致花后营养和生殖发育对光周期的不同反应。PhyAgenesE3和E4不仅是花前光周期反应的主要控制因子，也是花后光周期反应的主要调控因子。这些发现加深了我们对大豆开花前光周期不敏感性的遗传多样性和花后光周期反应机制的理解。
BackgroundAbsence of or low sensitivity to photoperiod is necessary for short-day crops, such as rice and soybean, to adapt to high latitudes. Photoperiod insensitivity in soybeans is controlled by two genetic systems and involves three important maturity genes:E1, a repressor for two soybean orthologs ofArabidopsis FLOWERING LOCUS T(GmFT2aandGmFT5a), andE3andE4, which are phytochrome A genes. To elucidate the diverse mechanisms underlying photoperiod insensitivity in soybean, we assessed the genotypes of four maturity genes (E1throughE4) in early-flowering photoperiod-insensitive cultivars and their association with post-flowering responses.ResultsWe found two novel dysfunctional alleles in accessions originally considered to have a dominantE3allele according to known DNA markers. TheE3locus, together withE1andE4, contained multiple dysfunctional alleles. We identified 15 multi-locus genotypes, which we subdivided into 6 genotypic groups by classifying their alleles by function. Of these, thee1-as/e3/E4genotypic group required an additional novel gene (different fromE1,E3, andE4) to condition photoperiod insensitivity. Despite their common pre-flowering photoperiod insensitivity, accessions with different multi-locus genotypes responded differently to the post-flowering photoperiod. Cultivars carryingE3orE4were sensitive to photoperiod for post-flowering characteristics, such as reproductive period and stem growth after flowering. The phytochrome A–regulated expression of the determinate growth habit geneDt1, an ortholog ofArabidopsis TERMINAL FLOWER1, was involved in the persistence of the vegetative activity at the stem apical meristem of flower-induced plants under long-day conditions.ConclusionsDiverse genetic mechanisms underlie photoperiod insensitivity in soybean. At least three multi-locus genotypes consisting of various allelic combinations atE1,E3, andE4conferred pre-flowering photoperiod insensitivity to soybean cultivars but led to different responses to photoperiod during post-flowering vegetative and reproductive development. ThephyAgenesE3andE4are major controllers underlying not only pre-flowering but also post-flowering photoperiod responses. The current findings improve our understanding of genetic diversity in pre-flowering photoperiod insensitivity and mechanisms of post-flowering photoperiod responses in soybean.
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影响因子：
2.4
作者：
Komatsu K;Hwang TY;Takahashi M;Sayama T;Funatsuki H;Oki N;Ishimoto M
通讯作者：
Ishimoto M
影响因子：
10.5
作者：
Lee, Jeong Hwan;Yoo, Seong Jeon;Ahn, Ji Hoon
通讯作者：
Ahn, Ji Hoon
影响因子：
3.9
作者：
Kanazawa, Akira;Liu, Baohui;Abe, Jun
通讯作者：
Abe, Jun
影响因子：
4.2
作者：
Kantolic, Adriana G.;Slafer, Gustavo A.
通讯作者：
Slafer, Gustavo A.
影响因子：
56.9
作者：
Huang, T;Böhlenius, H;Nilsson, O
通讯作者：
Nilsson, O