Guard Cell Microfilament Analyzer Facilitates the Analysis of the Organization and Dynamics of Actin Filaments in Arabidopsis Guard Cells
Guard Cell Microfilament Analyzer Facilitates the Analysis of the Organization and Dynamics of Actin Filaments in Arabidopsis Guard Cells
复制标题
保卫细胞微丝分析仪有助于分析拟南芥保卫细胞中肌动蛋白丝的组织和动态
DOI：
10.3390/ijms20112753
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发表时间：
2019-06-01
影响因子：
5.6
通讯作者：
Chen, Naizhi
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Li, Xin;Diao, Min;Chen, Naizhi
肌动蛋白细胞骨架参与调节气孔运动，在气孔不同开度的保护细胞内形成不同的肌动蛋白排列。这些肌动蛋白阵列是如何形成和维持的在很大程度上仍未被探索。阐明保护细胞中不同取向的肌动蛋白丝的动态行为将增强我们对这方面的理解。在这里，我们最初开发了一个名为“保护细胞微丝分析仪”（GCMA）的程序，该程序可以在保护细胞中自动选择单个肌动蛋白丝并分析其方向。接下来，我们追踪了单个肌动蛋白丝的动态，并在开放和关闭的气孔中进行了仔细的量化。我们发现肌动蛋白丝的新生成核发生在开放和关闭气孔的保护细胞的背侧和腹侧。有趣的是，大多数有核肌动蛋白丝分别在开孔和闭孔中沿径向和纵向伸长。引人注目的是，径向丝倾向于形成束，而纵向丝倾向于在开放的气孔中被切断和解聚。相反，纵向花丝倾向于形成束，在闭合的气孔中较少被切断。这些观察结果为不同孔径气孔保护细胞中不同肌动蛋白阵列的形成和维持提供了见解。
The actin cytoskeleton is involved in regulating stomatal movement, which forms distinct actin arrays within guard cells of stomata with different apertures. How those actin arrays are formed and maintained remains largely unexplored. Elucidation of the dynamic behavior of differently oriented actin filaments in guard cells will enhance our understanding in this regard. Here, we initially developed a program called ‘guard cell microfilament analyzer’ (GCMA) that enables the selection of individual actin filaments and analysis of their orientations semiautomatically in guard cells. We next traced the dynamics of individual actin filaments and performed careful quantification in open and closed stomata. We found that de novo nucleation of actin filaments occurs at both dorsal and ventral sides of guard cells from open and closed stomata. Interestingly, most of the nucleated actin filaments elongate radially and longitudinally in open and closed stomata, respectively. Strikingly, radial filaments tend to form bundles whereas longitudinal filaments tend to be removed by severing and depolymerization in open stomata. By contrast, longitudinal filaments tend to form bundles that are severed less frequently in closed stomata. These observations provide insights into the formation and maintenance of distinct actin arrays in guard cells in stomata of different apertures.