Introduced honey bees increase host plant abundance but decrease native bumble bee species richness and abundance
Introduced honey bees increase host plant abundance but decrease native bumble bee species richness and abundance
复制标题
引入的蜜蜂增加了寄主植物的丰度，但降低了本地熊蜂物种的丰富度和丰度
DOI：
10.1002/ecs2.4085
复制
发表时间：
2022
期刊：
影响因子：
2.7
通讯作者：
Junpeng Mu
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Ruijun Su;Wenfei Dai;Yulian Yang;Xuelin Wang;Rui Gao;Mengying He;CHuan Zhao;Junpeng Mu
引进蜜蜂（Apis mellifera）种群密度的长期变化已被证明与高山莲（Saussurea nigrescens）花性状的变化有关。然而，高密度的蜜蜂是否会影响蜜源植物的丰富度以及本地熊蜂的物种丰富度和丰富度还有待确定。我们预测，持续三十年的高密度引进蜜蜂将减少物种丰富度和丰富的本地熊蜂，但增加蜜蜂宿主植物物种的丰富度。在这里，田间试验进行了研究蜜源植物和本地熊蜂的多样性沿着蜜蜂密度的典型梯度（高密度的蜜蜂接近养蜂场和低密度的蜜蜂远离养蜂场）。我们调查了蜜源植物的丰富度，花和种子性状，和熊蜂物种丰富度和丰富度在高或低蜜蜂密度的高山草甸。我们的研究结果表明，引入蜜蜂的人口增加与宿主植物丰度和每株植物的花/头状花序数量增加，但每花花蜜量，种子质量，物种丰富度和丰富的本地熊蜂。熊蜂的访蜜率与每朵花的花蜜量呈正相关。蜜蜂的访问率呈正相关，每株植物的花朵/头状花序数在网站接近养蜂场和花蜜量在网站远离养蜂场每花。种子质量与蜜源植物丰度呈负相关。我们的研究结果表明，引进的蜜蜂减少了本地熊蜂的物种丰富度和丰度，这归因于蜜蜂宿主植物物种之间花蜜资源的进化减少，但增加了产蜜植物的丰度，这归因于植物产生许多小种子。这表明，长期高密度养蜂会影响蜜蜂宿主植物和本地熊蜂的生物多样性。我们的研究结果提供了新的见解的机制，保持蜜源植物和本地熊蜂的生物多样性。
Long-term variation in the population density of introduced honey bees (Apis mellifera) has been shown to be associated with variations in floral traits in alpine lotus (Saussurea nigrescens). However, it remains to be determined whether a high density of honey bees affects the abundance of nectariferous plants and the species richness and abundance of native bumble bees. We predicted that a high density of introduced honey bees lasting three decades would decrease the species richness and abundance of native bumble bees but increase the abundance of honey bee host plant species. Here, field experiments were conducted to examine the diversity of nectariferous plants and native bumble bees along the typical gradients of honey bee density (high density of honey bees close to the apiary and low density of honey bees distant from the apiary). We investigated nectariferous plant abundance, floral and seed traits, and bumble bee species richness and abundance at sites with either high or low honey bee densities in an alpine meadow. Our results demonstrate that an increased population of introduced honey bees is associated with increased host plant abundance and flower/capitulum number per plant but decreased nectar volume per flower, seed mass, and species richness and abundance of native bumble bees. The bumble bee visitation rate was positively correlated with nectar volume per flower at sites close to and far from apiaries. The honey bee visitation rate was positively correlated with flower/capitulum number per plant at sites close to apiaries and nectar volume per flower at sites far from apiaries. Seed mass was negatively correlated with nectariferous plant abundance. Our findings show that introduced honey bees decrease the species richness and abundance of native bumble bees, attributed to an evolutionarily decrease in nectar resources among honey bee host plant species, but increase the abundance of nectariferous plants, attributed to the production of many small seeds by plants. This suggests that long-term high-density beekeeping affects the biodiversity of honey bee host plants and native bumble bees. Our results provide new insights into the mechanisms of maintaining the biodiversity of nectariferous plants and native bumble bees.