Thematic and Content Analysis of Idiopathic Nightmares and Bad Dreams
Thematic and Content Analysis of Idiopathic Nightmares and Bad Dreams
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DOI：
10.5665/sleep.3426
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发表时间：
2014-02-01
期刊：
影响因子：
5.6
通讯作者：
Zadra, Antonio
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Robert, Genevieve;Zadra, Antonio
研究目的：使用广泛的梦境内容变量对前瞻性收集的恶梦和噩梦报告进行全面和对比研究。设计：相关和描述性。背景：参与者的家庭。参与者：331名成年志愿者(男性55名，女性275名，1名未指明；平均年龄=32.4+/-14.8岁)。干预：N/A。测量和结果：572名参与者在日志中连续2-5周记录他们记忆中的所有梦境。共收集了9796份梦境报告，调查了331名参与者报告的253个噩梦和431个噩梦的内容。身体攻击是噩梦中最常见的主题，而人与人之间的冲突在噩梦中占主导地位。参与者认为，噩梦比噩梦在情感上更加强烈。35%的噩梦和55%的噩梦包含恐惧以外的主要情绪。与噩梦相比，噩梦更加离奇，包含了更多的攻击、失败和不幸的结局。结论：研究结果对噩梦的概念化和定义有重要影响，并支持这样一种观点，即与噩梦相比，噩梦代表着同一基本现象更罕见、更严重的表现。
Study Objectives: To conduct a comprehensive and comparative study of prospectively collected bad dream and nightmare reports using a broad range of dream content variables.Design: Correlational and descriptive.Setting: Participants' homes.Participants: Three hundred thirty-one adult volunteers (55 men, 275 women, 1 not specified; mean age = 32.4 +/- 14.8 y).Interventions: N/ A.Measurement and Results: Five hundred seventy-two participants kept a written record of all of their remembered dreams in a log for 2 to 5 consecutive weeks. A total of 9,796 dream reports were collected and the content of 253 nightmares and 431 bad dreams reported by 331 participants was investigated. Physical aggression was the most frequently reported theme in nightmares, whereas interpersonal conflicts predominated in bad dreams. Nightmares were rated by participants as being substantially more emotionally intense than were bad dreams. Thirtyfive percent of nightmares and 55% of bad dreams contained primary emotions other than fear. When compared to bad dreams, nightmares were more bizarre and contained substantially more aggressions, failures, and unfortunate endings.Conclusions: The results have important implications on how nightmares are conceptualized and defined and support the view that when compared to bad dreams, nightmares represent a somewhat rarer-and more severe-expression of the same basic phenomenon.