DIFFERENTIAL INFLUENCE OF ECTOMYCORRHIZAE ON PLANT-GROWTH AND DISEASE RESISTANCE IN PINUS-SYLVESTRIS SEEDLINGS
DIFFERENTIAL INFLUENCE OF ECTOMYCORRHIZAE ON PLANT-GROWTH AND DISEASE RESISTANCE IN PINUS-SYLVESTRIS SEEDLINGS
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DOI：
10.1111/j.1439-0434.1987.tb04423.x
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发表时间：
1987-10-01
影响因子：
1.5
通讯作者：
UNESTAM, T
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
CHAKRAVARTY, P;UNESTAM, T
在温室条件下，接种真菌和病原菌后，在一整年的时间内定期研究了漆蜡蚧、壳状瘤和Pisolithus tinctorius真菌以及天然存在的真菌混合物对樟子松幼苗抗串珠镰刀菌和立枯丝核菌攻击的影响。采用人工根系基质，为幼苗提供了平衡但较低的养分供应。幼苗生长（干重），以及短根形成刺激到不同程度上取决于mycobiont物种;此外，刺激的程度在一年中有所不同。被寄生的植物比未被寄生的植物受到更大的刺激。在菌根真菌的存在下，甚至在菌根形成之前，由任一病原体引起的疾病严重程度和植物死亡率都大大降低。除了与Hebeloma相关外，所有真菌病在全年都保持高度保护性; Hebeloma仅保持约3个月的保护性。生长刺激或菌根频率并不总是与保护水平相关，例如Hebeloma保护而不刺激生长。显然存在两种类型的保护，一种与生长刺激有关，另一种与生长刺激无关。菌根真菌在体外对真菌病原菌几乎没有拮抗作用。
The influence of Laccaria laccata, Hebeloma crustuliniforme, and Pisolithus tinctorius mycorrhizae and a mixture of naturally occurring mycorrhizae on the resistance of Pinus sylvetris seedlings to attack by Fusarium moniliforme and Rhizoctonia solani was investigated periodically during an entire year under greenhouse conditions following inoculation with both mycobiont and pathogen. Using artificial root substrate the seedlings were provided with a balanced but low nutrient supply. Seedling growth (dry weight) as well as short-root formation was stimulated to different extents depending on the mycobiont species; in addition, the degree of stimulation varied over the year. Parasitized plants were more stimulated than nonparasitized ones. Disease severity and plant mortality causes by either pathogen were drastically reduced in the presence of the mycorrhizal fungi, even before mycorrhiza formation. All mycorrhizae, except the association with Hebeloma, remained highly protective throughout the year; with Hebeloma is remained protective for only about 3 months. Growth stimulation or mycorrhiza frequency was not always correlated with the level of protection; e.g. Hebeloma protected without stimulating growth. Two types of protection apparently exist, one related to and another unrelated to growth stimulation. Mycorrhizal fungi had little or no antagonistic effect on fungal pathogens in vitro.