Low Urinary Iodine Excretion during Early Pregnancy Is Associated with Alterations in Executive Functioning in Children
Low Urinary Iodine Excretion during Early Pregnancy Is Associated with Alterations in Executive Functioning in Children
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DOI：
10.3945/jn.112.161950
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发表时间：
2012-12-01
影响因子：
4.2
通讯作者：
Steegers-Theunissen, Regine P. M.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
van Mil, Nina H.;Tiemeier, Henning;Steegers-Theunissen, Regine P. M.
怀孕期间严重缺碘对儿童认知功能的罕见但有害的影响是众所周知的。然而，关于轻度至中度母亲碘缺乏症与儿童发育之间可能存在联系的报告很少。在一个以人群为基础的队列中，我们研究了孕早期母亲尿碘与4岁儿童执行功能之间的关系。此外，我们还研究了母亲饮食和甲状腺功能对这种关联的影响。在怀孕期间，我们测量了1156名妇女的尿碘和甲状腺激素浓度。采用执行功能行为评定量表对692名儿童的执行功能进行评定。500名荷兰籍母亲完成了一项FFQ。使用回归模型进行分析。低尿碘母亲的儿童在抑制问题量表[beta = 0.05（95%CI：0.01，0.10），P= 0.03]和工作记忆[beta = 0.07（95%CI：0.02，0.12），P= 0.003]上表现出较高的得分。虽然母亲的饮食摄入量和甲状腺激素浓度并没有显着改变这些协会，尿碘和抑制问题之间的关联减弱调整后，母亲的心理症状。此外，面包[beta = 0.61（95%CI：0.27，0.95），P < 0.001]和鸡蛋[beta = 1.87（95%CI：0.13，3.62），P = 0.04]的摄入与尿碘升高相关。因此，母亲怀孕期间尿碘水平低与儿童执行功能受损有关。由于这些症状是亚临床的，发生在很小的年龄，未来的研究需要显示这些儿童是否更容易发展为后期临床疾病。J.营养142：2167-2174，2012.
The rare but deleterious effects of severe iodine deficiency during pregnancy on cognitive functioning of children are well known. Reports on possible associations between mild-to-moderate maternal iodine deficiency and child development, however, are scarce. In a population-based cohort we examined the association between maternal urinary iodine during early pregnancy and executive functioning in children at 4 y of age. In addition, we investigated the modification of this association by maternal diet and thyroid function. During pregnancy, we measured urinary iodine and thyroid hormone concentrations in 1156 women. In 692 of their children impairment of executive functioning was assessed by the Behavior Rating Inventory of Executive Function. Five hundred mothers of Dutch national origin completed an FFQ. Analyses were performed by using regression models. The children of mothers with low urinary iodine showed higher scores on the problem scales of inhibition [beta = 0.05 (95% CI: 0.01, 0.10), P= 0.03] and working memory [beta = 0.07 (95% CI: 0.02, 0.12), P= 0.003]. Although maternal dietary intake and thyroid hormone concentration did not significantly modify these associations, the associations between urinary iodine and problems of inhibition were attenuated after adjustment for maternal psychological symptoms. In addition, the consumption of bread [beta = 0.61 (95% CI: 0.27, 0.95), P < 0.001] and eggs [beta = 1.87 (95% CI: 0.13, 3.62), P = 0.04] was associated with higher urinary iodine. Thus, low maternal urinary iodine during pregnancy is associated with impaired executive functioning in children. Because these symptoms were subclinical and occurred at an early age, future studies are needed to show whether these children are more vulnerable to develop later clinical disorders. J. Nutr. 142: 2167-2174, 2012.