From "Sooo Excited!!!" to "So Proud": Using Language to Study Development
From "Sooo Excited!!!" to "So Proud": Using Language to Study Development
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DOI：
10.1037/a0035048
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发表时间：
2014-01-01
影响因子：
4
通讯作者：
Seligman, Martin E. P.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Kern, Margaret L.;Eichstaedt, Johannes C.;Seligman, Martin E. P.
我们引入了一种新方法，即差异语言分析（DLA），用于研究人类发展，其中使用计算语言学根据心理学理论来分析通过在线社交媒体获得的大数据。我们的开放词汇 DLA 方法可根据 1 个或多个特征查找可区分人群的单词、短语和主题。使用超过 70,000 名 Facebook 用户的数据集，我们确定了单词和主题的使用如何随着年龄的变化而变化，并将特定群体的单词和短语编译成表面有效且直观有意义的视觉摘要。我们以衰老积极效应（Carstensen & Mikels，2005）为例，展示了如何使用这种方法来测试发展假设。虽然在这项研究中，我们主要关注与年龄相关的人群的共同趋势，但相同的方法可用于探索发育阶段内的异质性或探索区分人群的其他特征。我们的网站上提供了完整的单词和主题列表，供研究界进行更深入的探索。
We introduce a new method, differential language analysis (DLA), for studying human development in which computational linguistics are used to analyze the big data available through online social media in light of psychological theory. Our open vocabulary DLA approach finds words, phrases, and topics that distinguish groups of people based on 1 or more characteristics. Using a data set of over 70,000 Facebook users, we identify how word and topic use vary as a function of age and compile cohort specific words and phrases into visual summaries that are face valid and intuitively meaningful. We demonstrate how this methodology can be used to test developmental hypotheses, using the aging positivity effect (Carstensen & Mikels, 2005) as an example. While in this study we focused primarily on common trends across age-related cohorts, the same methodology can be used to explore heterogeneity within developmental stages or to explore other characteristics that differentiate groups of people. Our comprehensive list of words and topics is available on our web site for deeper exploration by the research community.