Rural poverty and mobility in China: A national-level survey
Rural poverty and mobility in China: A national-level survey
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DOI：
10.1016/j.jtrangeo.2021.103083
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发表时间：
2021-05
影响因子：
6.1
通讯作者：
P. Zhao;Zhao Yu
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
P. Zhao;Zhao Yu
在许多国家，加强农村穷人的流动性被认为是减贫政策的一个重要组成部分。然而，农村地区的贫困和流动性之间的关系仍然存在争议。本文旨在通过对来自农村地区的15,388名受访者的全国性调查数据，对中国的农村居民流动状况进行研究，以提供新的证据。分析结果表明，中国农村贫困群体的流动性明显低于中等收入和富裕群体。农村乡镇和农村最贫穷群体流动性低的主要原因是生活和在高级中心工作的旅行需求减少、汽车拥有量低、失业和区域偏远。特别是，对于贫穷的农场村民来说，他们的流动性受到汽车和公共交通服务的限制。更高的流动性与居住在乡镇的富人的收入增加显著相关。但对于穷人来说，更高的流动性并不能保证更高的收入。其他社会经济因素，例如低劳动技能和缺乏教育，与他们的贫穷有更大的关系。旨在减轻农村地区贫困的运输政策应与教育和劳动力培训等其他政策相结合，以取得更大的成功。本文的调查结果和结论增强了我们对农村贫困和流动性之间关系的现有知识，并为交通运输和减贫政策增加了价值。
Enhancing mobility for the rural poor is believed to be a vital component of poverty reduction policy in many countries. However, the relationship between poverty and mobility in rural areas is still arguable. This paper aims to provide new evidence by exploring rural residents' mobility in China, using nationwide survey data with 15,388 respondents from rural areas. The results of the analysis show the mobility of the poverty group is notably lower than medium-income and wealthy groups in rural China. The low level of mobility among the poorest group in both rural townships and farm villages is mainly affected by fewer travel demands for living and jobs in higher-order centres, low car ownership, unemployment and regional remoteness. In particular, for poor farm villagers, their mobility is limited by the availability of cars and public transport services. Higher mobility is significantly related to an increase in income for wealthy people living in townships. But for the poor, higher mobility would not guarantee a higher income. Other socioeconomic factors for example low labour skills and a lack of education have stronger relationship with their poverty. Transport policies designed to alleviate poverty in rural areas should be integrated with other policies such as education and labour training to be more successful. The findings and conclusion in this paper enhance our existing knowledge of the relationships between rural poverty and mobility and add value to both transport and poverty-reduction policies.