Biogeochemical controls of surface ocean phosphate
Biogeochemical controls of surface ocean phosphate
复制标题
表层海洋磷酸盐的生物地球化学控制
DOI：
10.1126/sciadv.aax0341
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发表时间：
2019-08-01
期刊：
影响因子：
13.6
通讯作者：
Moore, J. Keith
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Martiny, Adam C.;Lomas, Michael W.;Moore, J. Keith
高灵敏度测量揭示了海洋表层磷酸盐的变化，从而为海洋营养循环提供了一个新的模型。表层海洋磷酸盐通常低于标准分析检测限，导致对磷酸盐的全球变化和地球化学作用的了解不完整。使用高灵敏度方法测量的磷酸盐全球汇编显示了几个以前未被识别的低磷酸盐地区和明显的区域差异。观测气候学和地球系统模型（ESM）系统性地高估了地表磷酸盐。此外，ESM错误地描述了磷酸盐、浮游植物生物量和初级生产力之间的关系。大气铁输入和固氮是已知的重要控制表面磷酸盐，但模型模拟表明，在垂直营养供应和表面横向运输的铁与常量营养素的比例的差异是磷酸盐浓度的额外驱动程序。我们的研究表明，准确量化营养物质对于了解现在和未来气候条件下海洋生态系统和海洋地球化学的调节具有重要意义。
High-sensitivity measurements reveal variation in surface ocean phosphate, leading to a new model for ocean nutrient cycles. Surface ocean phosphate is commonly below the standard analytical detection limits, leading to an incomplete picture of the global variation and biogeochemical role of phosphate. A global compilation of phosphate measured using high-sensitivity methods revealed several previously unrecognized low-phosphate areas and clear regional differences. Both observational climatologies and Earth system models (ESMs) systematically overestimated surface phosphate. Furthermore, ESMs misrepresented the relationships between phosphate, phytoplankton biomass, and primary productivity. Atmospheric iron input and nitrogen fixation are known important controls on surface phosphate, but model simulations showed that differences in the iron-to-macronutrient ratio in the vertical nutrient supply and surface lateral transport are additional drivers of phosphate concentrations. Our study demonstrates the importance of accurately quantifying nutrients for understanding the regulation of ocean ecosystems and biogeochemistry now and under future climate conditions.