Myelination and mTOR.
Myelination and mTOR.
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作者：
Figlia G;Gerber D;Suter U
髓鞘细胞围绕轴突，加速动作电位的传播，支持轴突健康，并完善神经回路。髓鞘形成对代谢有要求，与这一概念一致，mTORC1（协调细胞代谢的信号中枢）被认为是髓鞘形成的关键信号。在此，我们将讨论髓鞘形成的代谢方面，阐述mTORC1调节的主要代谢过程，并回顾mTORC1在中枢神经系统和周围神经系统髓鞘形成中的作用的进展。最近的进展揭示了 mTORC1 在髓鞘形成细胞中的复杂作用，除了积极调节髓鞘生长外，还包括在活跃髓鞘形成之前阶段的其他关键功能。基于现有证据，我们还将强调 mTORC1 与其已知的主要上游通路 PI3K-Akt、Mek-Erk1/2 和 AMPK 在髓鞘细胞中潜在的非重叠作用。最后，我们将讨论已知或假设负责调节髓鞘细胞中 mTORC1 活性的信号。髓鞘形成对代谢的要求很高。代谢调节因子 mTORC1 控制髓鞘细胞的分化并促进髓鞘生长。 PI3K-Akt 和 Mek-Erk1/2 通路的 mTORC1 独立靶点在髓鞘形成中也可能具有重要意义。
Myelinating cells surround axons to accelerate the propagation of action potentials, to support axonal health, and to refine neural circuits. Myelination is metabolically demanding and, consistent with this notion, mTORC1—a signaling hub coordinating cell metabolism—has been implicated as a key signal for myelination. Here, we will discuss metabolic aspects of myelination, illustrate the main metabolic processes regulated by mTORC1, and review advances on the role of mTORC1 in myelination of the central nervous system and the peripheral nervous system. Recent progress has revealed a complex role of mTORC1 in myelinating cells that includes, besides positive regulation of myelin growth, additional critical functions in the stages preceding active myelination. Based on the available evidence, we will also highlight potential nonoverlapping roles between mTORC1 and its known main upstream pathways PI3K‐Akt, Mek‐Erk1/2, and AMPK in myelinating cells. Finally, we will discuss signals that are already known or hypothesized to be responsible for the regulation of mTORC1 activity in myelinating cells. Myelination is metabolically demanding. The metabolic regulator mTORC1 controls differentiation of myelinating cells and promotes myelin growth. mTORC1‐independent targets of the PI3K‐Akt and Mek‐Erk1/2 pathways may also be significant in myelination.
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影响因子：
11.1
作者：
Bolino A;Piguet F;Alberizzi V;Pellegatta M;Rivellini C;Guerrero-Valero M;Noseda R;Brombin C;Nonis A;D'Adamo P;Taveggia C;Previtali SC
通讯作者：
Previtali SC
影响因子：
16.2
作者：
Brinkmann, Bastian G.;Agarwal, Amit;Sereda, Michael W.;Garratt, Alistair N.;Mueller, Thomas;Wende, Hagen;Stassart, Ruth M.;Nawaz, Schanila;Humml, Christian;Velanac, Viktorija;Radyushkin, Konstantin;Goebbels, Sandra;Fischer, Tobias M.;Franklin, Robin J.;Lai, Cary;Ehrenreich, Hannelore;Birchmeier, Carmen;Schwab, Markus H.;Nave, Klaus Armin
通讯作者：
Nave, Klaus Armin
DOI：
10.1126/science.aag1417
发表时间：
2017-03-24
期刊：
Science (New York, N.Y.)
影响因子：
--
作者：
Castellano BM;Thelen AM;Moldavski O;Feltes M;van der Welle RE;Mydock-McGrane L;Jiang X;van Eijkeren RJ;Davis OB;Louie SM;Perera RM;Covey DF;Nomura DK;Ory DS;Zoncu R
通讯作者：
Zoncu R
影响因子：
5.3
作者：
Bercury, Kathryn K.;Dai, JinXiang;Macklin, Wendy B.
通讯作者：
Macklin, Wendy B.
DOI：
10.1016/j.cub.2015.07.056
发表时间：
2015-09-21
期刊：
Current biology : CB
影响因子：
--
作者：
Bechler ME;Byrne L;Ffrench-Constant C
通讯作者：
Ffrench-Constant C