Body Size Evolution in Mammals: Complexity in Tempo and Mode
Body Size Evolution in Mammals: Complexity in Tempo and Mode
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DOI：
10.1086/652466
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发表时间：
2010-06-01
影响因子：
2.9
通讯作者：
Purvis, Andy
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Cooper, Natalie;Purvis, Andy
体型几乎与物种生物学的每个方面都相关，因此了解其进化的节奏和模式对于宏观生态学和宏观进化至关重要。在这里，我们使用来自 4,510 个现存哺乳动物物种中的 3,473 个的体重数据和几乎完整的物种级系统发育来确定所有哺乳动物的日志（体重）进化的最佳模型，并在分类学和空间上进行划分。早期爆发模型比基于布朗运动或奥恩斯坦-乌伦贝克过程的模型更适合所有哺乳动物，这表明哺乳动物在其历史相对较早的时期经历了形态进化的爆发，随后发生了较慢的变化。我们还使用空间模型来研究生态区内的体重进化率。这些模型表明，大约 50% 的比率变化可以通过几个预测变量来解释。高估计率与寒冷、低洼、物种贫乏、高能量的大陆生态区有关。我们得出的结论是，哺乳动物体型的演变受到地理、气候和历史之间复杂相互作用的影响。
Body size correlates with virtually every aspect of species biology, so understanding the tempo and mode of its evolution is of key importance in macroecology and macroevolution. Here we use body mass data from 3,473 of 4,510 extant mammalian species and an almost complete species-level phylogeny to determine the best model of log(body mass) evolution across all mammals, split taxonomically and spatially. An early-burst model fits better across all mammals than do models based on either Brownian motion or an Ornstein-Uhlenbeck process, suggesting that mammals experienced a burst of morphological evolution relatively early in their history that was followed by slower change. We also use spatial models to investigate rates of body mass evolution within ecoregions. These models show that around 50% of the variation in rate can be explained by just a few predictors. High estimated rates are associated with cold, low-lying, species-poor, high-energy, mainland ecoregions. We conclude that the evolution of mammalian body size has been influenced by a complex interplay among geography, climate, and history.