Balancing self-renewal against genome preservation in stem cells: How do they manage to have the cake and eat it too?
Balancing self-renewal against genome preservation in stem cells: How do they manage to have the cake and eat it too?
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DOI：
10.1007/s00018-016-2152-y
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发表时间：
2016-05
影响因子：
8
通讯作者：
Tsai, Robert Y. L.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Tsai, Robert Y. L.
关键词：
干细胞被赋予了自我更新和多谱系分化的强大能力，这使它们成为组织稳态的主要贡献者。由于它们的寿命和自我更新能力，与分化细胞相比，它们也面临着更高的基因组损伤风险。基因组上的损伤，如果不加以预防或修复，将威胁到干细胞的生存，最终导致器官衰竭、早衰或癌症的形成。因此，干细胞在整个生命过程中保持基因组稳定至关重要。鉴于其独特的生物学和功能需求，干细胞被认为在处理基因毒性应激方面与非干细胞有所不同。本文的重点是回顾目前关于干细胞如何逃离氧化和复制DNA损伤的弹幕以保持自我更新的知识。对这一主题的明确阐述将有助于我们更好地理解组织再生、衰老和癌症。
Stem cells are endowed with the awesome power of self-renewal and multi-lineage differentiation that allows them to be major contributors to tissue homeostasis. Owing to their longevity and self-renewal capacity, they are also faced with a higher risk of genomic damage compared to differentiated cells. Damage on the genome, if not prevented or repaired properly, will threaten the survival of stem cells and culminate in organ failure, premature aging, or cancer formation. It is therefore of paramount importance that stem cells remain genomically stable throughout life. Given their unique biological and functional requirement, stem cells are thought to manage genotoxic stress somewhat differently from non-stem cells. The focus of this article is to review the current knowledge on how stem cells escape the barrage of oxidative and replicative DNA damage to stay in self-renewal. A clear statement on this subject should help us better understand tissue regeneration, aging, and cancer.
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