Occurrence of legacy and emerging organic pollutants in whitemouth croakers from Southeastern Brazil.
Occurrence of legacy and emerging organic pollutants in whitemouth croakers from Southeastern Brazil.
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DOI：
10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.05.213
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发表时间：
2019-09
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通讯作者：
A. C. Pizzochero;A. de la Torre;P. Sanz;I. Navarro;L. Michel;G. Lepoint;K. Das;Joseph G. Schnitzler;S. Chenery;I. McCarthy;O. Malm;P. Dorneles;M. Martínez
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作者：
A. C. Pizzochero;A. de la Torre;P. Sanz;I. Navarro;L. Michel;G. Lepoint;K. Das;Joseph G. Schnitzler;S. Chenery;I. McCarthy;O. Malm;P. Dorneles;M. Martínez
白口黄花鱼（Micropogonias furnieri）是南美洲大西洋沿岸最重要的商业物种之一。此外，它的一些生物学特性（寿命长，近岸取食，高营养地位）使它成为海岸污染的合适哨兵。在此，我们调查了来自巴西东南部巴西里约热内卢州工业化和城市化地区瓜纳巴拉湾和塞佩蒂巴湾两个河口的白口鱼中多种遗留和新出现的有机污染物的污染情况，如溴化和氯化阻燃剂、多氯二苯并对二恶英（pcdd）和多氯二苯并呋喃（pcdf）。此外，我们评估了生物和生态特征如何解释观察到的污染模式。对于溴化阻燃剂，多溴联苯醚（PBDEs）的浓度从7.6到879.7 pg g−1湿重（w.w）不等，四溴联苯醚、五溴联苯醚、六溴联苯醚和十溴联苯醚的贡献很大。氯化阻燃剂（与氯有关的化合物，ΣDRC）的总和从<LOD到41.1 pg g−1w.w。，以decchlorane 603和decchlorane Plus （DP）为代表。PCDDs和PCDFs的浓度变化范围从<LOD到1.7 pg g−1w。，而毒性当量（TEQ-PCDD/Fs）水平范围为0.1至0.2 pg g−1w.w。δ15N与三、四、五溴二苯醚以及ΣDRC、DP和抗DP异构体浓度呈正相关，这表明生态因素（即食物网的生物放大）影响了所研究河口白口鱼的污染。此外，多溴二苯醚的总和（ΣPBDE）、三溴二苯醚和四溴二苯醚浓度与鱼的大小呈负相关，这表明鱼类的净化和/或白口花鱼整个生命周期的栖息地转移也可能影响浓度。总的来说，我们的研究强调需要进一步的调查，以帮助理解巴西东南部似乎存在的生物积累和生物放大的复杂模式。
The whitemouth croaker (Micropogonias furnieri) is one of the most commercially important species along the Atlantic coast of South America. Moreover, some of its biological traits (long life span, inshore feeding, high trophic position) make this species a suitable sentinel of coastal pollution. Here, we investigated contamination by multiple legacy and emerging organic pollutants, such as brominated and chlorinated flame retardants, polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins (PCDDs) and polychlorinated dibenzofurans (PCDFs), in whitemouth croakers from two estuaries (Guanabara and Sepetiba Bays) located in industrialized and urbanized areas in Rio de Janeiro State, Southeastern Brazil. Furthermore, we assessed how biological and ecological features could explain the observed contamination patterns. Regarding brominated flame retardants, concentrations of polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) varied from 7.6 to 879.7 pg g−1wet weight (w.w.), with high contribution of tetra-, penta-, hexa- and deca-BDEs. The sum of chlorinated flame retardants (dechlorane-related compounds, ΣDRC) ranged from <LOD to 41.1 pg g−1w.w., mostly represented by Dechlorane 603 and Dechlorane Plus (DP). Concentrations of PCDDs and PCDFs varied from <LOD to 1.7 pg g−1w.w., while the Toxic Equivalent (TEQ-PCDD/Fs) levels ranged from 0.1 to 0.2 pg g−1w.w. Positive correlations between δ15N and concentrations of tri-, tetra- and penta-BDEs, as well as ΣDRC, DP andanti-DP isomers suggested that ecological factors (namely biomagnification along the food web) influence contamination of whitemouth croakers in the estuaries studied. Moreover, the sum of PBDEs (ΣPBDE), tri- and tetra-BDEs concentrations were negatively correlated with fish size, suggesting that depuration by fishes and/or habitat shift throughout the whitemouth croaker's life cycle might also influence concentrations. Overall, our study emphasized the need for further investigations to help understand the complex patterns of bioaccumulation and biomagnification that seem to exist in Southeastern Brazil.