Characterization of glucagon-expressing neurons in the chicken retina
Characterization of glucagon-expressing neurons in the chicken retina
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DOI：
10.1002/cne.20937
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发表时间：
2006-06-01
影响因子：
2.5
通讯作者：
Walton, NA
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Fischer, AJ;Skorupa, D;Walton, NA
我们最近鉴定了大的胰高血糖素表达神经元，其在视网膜的外周边缘中密集地分支神经突并调节出生后鸡眼的周向边缘区（CMZ）中的祖细胞的增殖（Fischer等人）。[2005] J Neurosci 25：10157-10166）。然而，对于鸟类视网膜中表达胰高血糖素的神经元所表达的递质和蛋白质却一无所知。我们使用细胞区分标记的抗体来更好地表征不同类型的胰高血糖素表达神经元。我们发现大的胰高血糖素表达神经元对P物质、神经丝、Pax 6、AP 2 α、HuD、钙视网膜蛋白、trkB和trkC呈免疫反应。胰高血糖素和P物质在表达胰高血糖素的大神经元中的共定位表明，这些细胞是埃利希等人（[1987] J Comp Neurol 266：220-233）简要描述的“牛鞭细胞”。与牛鞭细胞相似，传统的表达胰高血糖素的无长突细胞对钙视网膜蛋白、HuD、Pax 6和AP 2 α具有免疫反应性。与牛鞭细胞，传统的胰高血糖素表达无长突细胞的GABA免疫反应。虽然胰高血糖素免疫反应性无长突细胞是阴性的P物质在视网膜的中央区域，这种类型的无长突细胞的一个子集是P物质在视网膜的远周边区域的免疫反应。另外一种胰高血糖素/P物质表达神经元，类似于牛鞭细胞，被发现在远周边和背侧区域的视网膜。基于形态学、视网膜内分布和组织学标记，我们得出结论，在鸟类视网膜中可能存在四种不同类型的胰高血糖素表达神经元。
We recently identified large glucagon-expressing neurons that densely ramify neurites in the peripheral edge of the retina and regulate the proliferation of progenitors in the circumferential marginal zone (CMZ) of the postnatal chicken eye (Fischer et a]. [2005] J Neurosci 25:10157-10166). However, nothing is known about the transmitters and proteins that are expressed by the glucagon-expressing neurons in the avian retina. We used antibodies to cell-distinguishing markers to better characterize the different types of glucagon-expressing neurons. We found that the large glucagon-expressing neurons were immunoreactive for substance P, neurofilament, Pax6, AP2 alpha, HuD, calretinin, trkB, and trkC. Colocalization of glucagon and substance P in the large glucagon-expressing neurons indicates that these cells are the "bullwhip cells" that have been briefly described by Ehrlich et al. ([1987] J Comp Neurol 266:220-233). Similar to the bullwhip cells, the conventional glucagon-expressing amacrine cells were immunoreactive for calretinin, HuD, Pax6, and AP2 alpha. Unlike bullwhip cells, the conventional glucagon-expressing amacrine cells were immunoreactive for GABA. While glucagon-immunoreactive amacrine cells were negative for substance P in central regions of the retina, a subset of this type of amacrine cell was immunoreactive for substance P in far peripheral regions of the retina. An additional type of glucagon/substance P-expressing neuron, resembling the bullwhip cells, was found in far peripheral and dorsal regions of the retina. Based on morphology, distribution within the retina, and histological markers, we conclude that there may be four different types of glucagon-expressing neurons in the avian retina.