Use and interpretation of HCV diagnostic tests in the clinical setting.
Use and interpretation of HCV diagnostic tests in the clinical setting.
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DOI：
10.1016/s1089-3261(05)70320-2
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发表时间：
1997-11-01
影响因子：
5.1
通讯作者：
Gretch, D R
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Gretch, D R
HCV诊断的快速出现和有时复杂的领域可以通过将测试分为两大类来简化：筛查抗HCV抗体的血清学测试，以及用于评估HCV病毒血症和在基因水平上表征病毒感染的分子测试。抗体测试包括高灵敏度筛选酶免疫测定（当前版本：EIA-2和EIA-3），和补充测试，如重组免疫印迹测定（RIBA-2）。分子检测，如HCV RNA聚合酶链反应（PCR）可能发挥重要作用，在确认HCV感染的几种临床情况下，如免疫抑制的慢性丙型肝炎患者，急性肝炎患者谁可能在诊断“窗口”期之前的血清转换，血清学阳性患者ALT值正常。定量HCV-RNA检测，如定量PCR（Q-PCR）和分支DNA（bDNA），为评估治疗前和治疗期间的HCV病毒血症水平提供了有价值的工具。基因型检测可以将HCV感染分类为六种不同的HCV基因型之一，尽管HCV基因型检测的临床相关性尚未建立。
The rapidly emerging and sometimes complicated field of HCV diagnostics can be simplified by classification of tests into two general categories: serologic tests which screen for anti-HCV antibodies, and molecular tests which are used to assess HCV viremia and characterize viral infection at the genetic level. Antibody tests include the highly sensitive screening enzyme immunoassays (current versions: EIA-2 and EIA-3), and supplemental tests such as the recombinant immunoblot assay (RIBA-2). Molecular assays such as HCV RNA polymerase chain reaction (PCR) may play an important role in confirming HCV infection in several clinical situations, such as immunosuppressed patients with chronic hepatitis C, patients with acute hepatitis who might be in the diagnostic "window" period prior to seroconversion, and seropositive patients with normal ALT values. Quantitative HCV-RNA tests, such as quantitative PCR (Q-PCR) and branched DNA (bDNA), provide valuable tools for assessing the level of HCV viremia prior to and during therapy. Genotype tests allow classification of HCV infection in one of six distinct HCV genotypes, although the clinical relevance of HCV genotype tests has not been established.