Gender differences in social network influence among injection drug users: Perceived norms and needle sharing
Gender differences in social network influence among injection drug users: Perceived norms and needle sharing
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DOI：
10.1007/s11524-007-9215-1
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发表时间：
2007-09-01
影响因子：
6.6
通讯作者：
Latkin, Carl A.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Davey-Rothwell, Melissa A.;Latkin, Carl A.
虽然大量的研究已经将认知规范和艾滋病毒性风险行为联系起来，但对认知规范和注射毒品行为之间的关系关注较少。本研究以注射毒品使用者为样本，探讨共用针头与知觉规范之间的关系。数据收集通过面对面访谈684注射器从步骤到行动（STEP）项目在巴尔的摩，马里兰州。逻辑回归被用来评估感知规范（描述性和强制性规范）和共用针头之间的关联。结果按性别分层。描述性标准与男性（AOR=1.58，95%CI=1.20-2.40）和女性（AOR=1.78，95%CI=1.24-2.55）共用针头显著相关。尽管强制性规范与男性共用针头显著相关（AOR=1.30，95%CI=1.05-1.61），但这种相关性在女性中不显著（AOR=0.99，95%CI=0.74-1.31）。这些研究结果表明，同伴教育干预措施，促进规范之间的注射吸毒者减少风险的效用。这些数据还为针对性别的艾滋病毒预防干预措施提供了支持。
Whereas substantial research has linked perceived norms and HIV sexual risk behavior, less attention has been given to the relationship between perceived norms and injection drug practices. This study investigated the relationship between needle sharing and perceived norms in a sample of injection drug users. Data were collected through face-to-face interviews with 684 injectors from the STEP Into Action (STEP) project in Baltimore, Maryland. Logistic regression was used to assess the associations between perceived norms (descriptive and injunctive norms) and needle sharing. Results were stratified by gender. Descriptive norms were significantly related to needle sharing among males (AOR=1.58, 95%CI=1.20-2.40) and females (AOR=1.78; 95%CI=1.24-2.55). Whereas injunctive norms were significantly associated with needle sharing among men (AOR=1.30 95%CI=1.05-1.61), this association was not significant among women (AOR=0.99; 95%CI=0.74-1.31). These findings suggest the utility of peer education interventions that promote norms regarding risk reduction among injection drug users. The data also provide support for gender-specific HIV prevention interventions.