Reactive oxygen species (ROS) scavenging biomaterials for anti-inflammatory diseases: from mechanism to therapy.
Reactive oxygen species (ROS) scavenging biomaterials for anti-inflammatory diseases: from mechanism to therapy.
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DOI：
10.1186/s13045-023-01512-7
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发表时间：
2023-11-30
影响因子：
28.5
通讯作者：
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
炎症是对有害刺激的基本防御反应，但炎症反应的过度激活与大多数人类疾病有关。活性氧（ROS）是分子氧不完全还原后产生的一类化学物质。在中等水平下，ROS在调节各种生理功能（包括炎症反应）中作为关键信号分子发挥作用。然而，在过量的水平下，ROS发挥毒性作用并直接氧化生物大分子，如蛋白质、核酸和脂质，进一步加剧炎症反应的发展并引起各种炎症性疾病。因此，设计和制造抑制ROS的生物材料已经成为恢复ROS稳态、限制炎症反应和保护宿主免受损伤的重要方法。本文系统地概述了生理条件下活性氧产生和清除的动态平衡。我们专注于ROS调节细胞信号蛋白的机制，以及这些细胞信号蛋白如何进一步影响炎症。此外，我们讨论了使用潜在的和目前可用的生物材料，包括工程设计，以降低ROS水平，通过阻断ROS的产生，直接与ROS发生化学反应，或催化加速ROS清除，在炎症性疾病的治疗。最后，我们评估了ROS清除生物材料的控制生产和材料设计的挑战和前景。
Inflammation is a fundamental defensive response to harmful stimuli, but the overactivation of inflammatory responses is associated with most human diseases. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are a class of chemicals that are generated after the incomplete reduction of molecular oxygen. At moderate levels, ROS function as critical signaling molecules in the modulation of various physiological functions, including inflammatory responses. However, at excessive levels, ROS exert toxic effects and directly oxidize biological macromolecules, such as proteins, nucleic acids and lipids, further exacerbating the development of inflammatory responses and causing various inflammatory diseases. Therefore, designing and manufacturing biomaterials that scavenge ROS has emerged an important approach for restoring ROS homeostasis, limiting inflammatory responses and protecting the host against damage. This review systematically outlines the dynamic balance of ROS production and clearance under physiological conditions. We focus on the mechanisms by which ROS regulate cell signaling proteins and how these cell signaling proteins further affect inflammation. Furthermore, we discuss the use of potential and currently available-biomaterials that scavenge ROS, including agents that were engineered to reduce ROS levels by blocking ROS generation, directly chemically reacting with ROS, or catalytically accelerating ROS clearance, in the treatment of inflammatory diseases. Finally, we evaluate the challenges and prospects for the controlled production and material design of ROS scavenging biomaterials.
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