Field Signatures of the SE-Asian Mega-Tsunami along the West Coast of Thailand Compared to Holocene Paleo-Tsunami from the Atlantic Region
Field Signatures of the SE-Asian Mega-Tsunami along the West Coast of Thailand Compared to Holocene Paleo-Tsunami from the Atlantic Region
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泰国西海岸东南亚特大海啸的现场特征与大西洋地区全新世古海啸的比较
DOI：
10.1007/s00024-006-0171-6
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发表时间：
2007
影响因子：
2
通讯作者：
A. Scheffers
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
D. Kelletat;S. Scheffers;A. Scheffers
2004年12月26日的安达曼-苏门答腊海啸是迄今为止人类历史上最大的海啸灾难。里氏9级到9.3级的地震、超过5000公里的海浪和高达35米的海浪是它的主要特征。这些特征表明海岸形态发生了显著变化，泥沙输运率较高。然而，海啸发生七到九周后，对泰国西海岸（普吉岛、考拉克地区，包括一些斯Similan群岛、Nang Pha红树林地区和皮皮岛）进行的实地调查发现，海岸形态只发生了微小变化，沉积物错位的数量有限，仅限于海啸波的较低深度。这与大西洋地区的许多古海啸事件形成鲜明对比。对这种差异的解释可以从以下几个方面找到：地震的力学。在很长的地震带b上，对水团的一个相当缓慢的冲击脉冲。地震带上的浅水。受影响地点前滨区的水深测量。泰国西部的浅水已经大大减少了波浪能量。与世界上许多古海啸相比，这次海啸的地貌和沉积特征的差异使得它不适合作为这种极端能量和延伸事件的过去和未来海啸印记的模型。
The Andaman-Sumatra Tsunami of Dec. 26, 2004, was by far the largest tsunami catastrophe in human history. An earthquake of 9 to 9.3 on the Richter scale, the extension of waves over more than 5000 km of ocean and run-ups up to 35 m are its key features. These characteristics suggest significant changes in coastal morphology and high sediment transport rates. A field survey along the west coast of Thailand (Phuket Island, Khao Lak region including some Similan Islands, Nang Pha mangrove areas and Phi Phi Don Islands) seven to nine weeks after the tsunami, however, discovered only small changes in coastal morphology and a limited amount of dislocated sediments, restricted to the lower meters of the tsunami waves. This is in striking contrast to many paleo-tsunami's events of the Atlantic region. Explanations for this discrepancy are sought in:a. Mechanics of the earthquake. A rather slow shock impulse on the water masses over the very long earthquake zone,b. Shallow water in the earthquake zone, andc. Bathymetry of the foreshore zone at the impacted sites. Shallow water west of Thailand has diminished wave energy significantly. The differences in geomorphological and sedimentological signatures of this tsunami compared with many paleo-tsunami worldwide makes it unsuitable to be used as a model for old and future tsunami imprints by an event of this extreme energy and extension.