Acoustic differences between ‘‘bunched’’ and ‘‘retroflex’’ variants of American English /r/
Acoustic differences between ‘‘bunched’’ and ‘‘retroflex’’ variants of American English /r/
复制标题
美式英语 /r/ 的“bunched”和“retroflex”变体之间的声学差异
DOI：
--
复制
发表时间：
1994
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
S. Boyce
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
C. Espy;S. Boyce
在美式英语中，/r/通常有两种发音变体：“bunched "/r/--舌背在上颚区域成一束--和”retroflex“--舌尖卷曲，底面面向齿槽。这些变体的使用对于不同的说话者来说似乎是特殊的。过去的研究未能找到任何一致的声学差异之间的变种[cf. Delattre和Freeman（1965）]，但由于没有发音确认，很难知道说出了哪个变体，因此受到了阻碍。在这里报道的研究中，来自一个在各种语音和重音背景下产生/r/的单个说话者的电磁计数据被用来确定哪些情况是“成束的”，哪些是“卷舌音”，并对这些产品进行了详细的声学研究。在这里，似乎只有在/g/附近才出现“bunched "/r/。初步结果表明，对于“聚束”/r/，F4在频率上接近。
In American English, two articulatory variants of /r/ are commonly found: ‘‘bunched’’ /r/—in which the tongue dorsum is bunched in the region of the palate—and ‘‘retroflex’’—in which the tongue tip is curled such that the underside faces the alveopalate. Use of these variants appears to be idiosyncratic for different speakers. Past studies have failed to find any consistent acoustic difference between the variants [cf. Delattre and Freeman (1965)], but have been hampered by the fact that without articulatory confirmation, it is difficult to know which variant was uttered. In the study reported here, Electromagnetometer data from a single speaker producing /r/ in various phonetic and stress contexts was used to determine which instances were ‘‘bunched’’ and which ‘‘retroflex,’’ and a detailed acoustic study of these productions was carried out. Here, it appears to be the case that ‘‘bunched’’ /r/ occurs only when adjacent to /g/. Preliminary results suggest that for the ‘‘bunched’’ /r/, F4 is close in freq...