Molecular Regulations of Mucosal Maltase Expressions.
Molecular Regulations of Mucosal Maltase Expressions.
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粘膜麦芽糖酶表达的分子调控。
DOI：
10.1097/mpg.0000000000001980
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发表时间：
2018
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Honma K
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Goda T;Honma K
两种主要的α-葡萄糖苷酶（麦芽糖酶）基因，蔗糖酶-异麦芽糖酶（SI）和麦芽糖酶-葡糖淀粉酶（MGAM），分别在小肠中表达。在这篇综述中，我们总结了这些麦芽糖酶基因的空肠表达是否受饮食操作，这可能会影响碳水化合物的可用性从管腔侧，通过改变这些基因上的转录因子和/或组蛋白编码的结合。使用喂食低淀粉或高淀粉饮食7天的小鼠模型进行的研究发现，喂食高淀粉饮食可平行增加空肠中SI、MGAM和Na+葡萄糖协同转运蛋白（SGLT 1）基因的mRNA水平。染色质免疫沉淀试验，使用喂食高淀粉饮食的小鼠和大鼠的空肠组织，揭示饮食增加组蛋白H3和H4的乙酰化，共激活因子的结合，包括氨基酸合成的一般控制（GCN 5）和转录因子，包括尾相关同源框2（CDX 2）和肝细胞核因子1（HNF 1），不仅在启动子/增强子区域，也存在于SI和MGAM基因的转录区域。给大鼠喂食富含抗性淀粉的饮食导致空肠中MGAM基因和组蛋白H3修饰（乙酰化和二/三甲基化）的mRNA水平同时降低。这些数据表明，空肠粘膜中可用的葡萄糖引起的信号通过组蛋白密码与SI和MGAM基因表达相关，例如SI和MGAM基因启动子/增强子和转录区域中组蛋白H3的乙酰化和二/三甲基化。
Two major α‐glucosidase (maltase) genes, sucrase‐isomaltase (SI) and maltase‐glucoamylase (MGAM), respectively, are expressed in the small intestine. In this review, we have summarized whether jejunal expression of these maltase genes is regulated by dietary manipulations, which may affect carbohydrate availability from the luminal side, through changes in the binding of transcription factors and/or histone code on these genes. Studies using a model of mice fed either a low‐starch or a high‐starch diet for 7 days, found the mRNA levels ofSI, MGAM, and Na+‐glucose cotransporter (SGLT1) genes in the jejunum to be increased in parallel by feeding a high‐starch diet. Chromatin immunoprecipitation assays, using jejunal tissue of mice and rats fed a high‐starch diet, revealed that the diet increased the acetylations of histones H3 and H4, bindings of coactivators, including general control of amino acid synthesis (GCN5) and the transcriptional factors, including caudal‐related homeobox 2 (CDX2), and hepatocyte nuclear factor 1 (HNF1), not only in the promoter/enhancer regions, but also in the transcribed regions ofSIandMGAMgenes. Feeding rats a diet rich in resistant starch led to a concomitant reduction of mRNA levels of theMGAMgene and histone H3 modifications (acetylations and di‐/tri‐methylations) in the jejunum. These data suggest that a signal elicited by available glucose in the jejunal mucosa is associated withSIandMGAMgene expressions through a histone code, such as acetylation and di‐/tri‐methylations of histone H3 in the promoter/enhancer and transcribed regions ofSIandMGAMgenes.