EFFECT OF AGING AND BOLUS VARIABLES ON PHARYNGEAL AND UPPER ESOPHAGEAL SPHINCTER MOTOR FUNCTION
EFFECT OF AGING AND BOLUS VARIABLES ON PHARYNGEAL AND UPPER ESOPHAGEAL SPHINCTER MOTOR FUNCTION
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DOI：
10.1152/ajpgi.1993.264.3.g427
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发表时间：
1993-03-01
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
HINTZ, J
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
SHAKER, R;REN, JL;HINTZ, J
研究了14名青年志愿者和12名健康老年志愿者的年龄、团体量、温度和稠度对咽部蠕动的影响，以及年龄对上食道括约肌(UES)静息压及其对空气和气囊扩张食道的反应的影响。在两个年龄组中，咽部蠕动的幅度、持续时间或速度没有显著的体积或温度影响。与水燕相比，土豆泥使下咽蠕动压力波的波幅和持续时间显著增加(P<；0.05)。与青年组比较，老年组下咽蠕动压力波的波幅和持续时间显著增加(P<；0.01)。老年人的静息压为43+/-5(SE)，显著低于年轻人(71+/-8)(P<；0.01)。在年轻人和老年人中，由于食道空气扩张引起的UES压力降低的幅度和由于食道球囊扩张引起的UES压力增加的幅度是相似的。1)与通常的预期相反，咽部蠕动压力波的参数在七八十岁的老年人中没有恶化。2)与年轻人相比，老年人下咽压力波的波幅和持续时间显著增加。这种增加可能是由于对咽部流出损害的适应反应造成的。3)咽部蠕动压力波的波幅和持续时间受给药浓度的影响，但不受其速度的影响。这种调节机制在老年人身上得到了保留。4)老年人UES静息压虽显著降低，但对空气和气囊扩张食道的压力反应仍可保留。
Effect of aging, bolus volume, temperature, and consistency on the pharyngeal peristalsis, as well as the effect of aging on the upper esophageal sphincter (UES) resting pressure and its response to esophageal distension by air and balloon, were studied in 14 young and 12 healthy elderly volunteers. In both age groups there was no significant volume or temperature effect on amplitude, duration, or velocity of the pharyngeal peristalsis. Compared with water swallows, mashed potato swallows resulted in a significant increase in the amplitude and duration of the hypopharyngeal peristaltic pressure wave (P < 0.05). For water swallows, the amplitude and duration of the peristaltic pressure wave in the hypopharynx were significantly increased in the elderly compared with the young group (P < 0.01). UES resting pressure in the elderly measured 43 +/- 5 (SE) mmHg and was significantly less than that of the young (71 +/- 8 mmHg; P < 0.01). Magnitude of the UES pressure decrease because of esophageal distension by air, as well as magnitude of its pressure increase because of esophageal balloon distension, was similar among young and elderly. 1) Contrary to common expectations, the parameters of the pharyngeal peristaltic pressure wave do not deteriorate in the elderly in their seventh and eighth decade. 2) Compared with the young, hypopharyngeal pressure wave amplitude and duration are significantly increased in the elderly. This increase could be caused by an adaptation response to a pharyngeal outflow compromise. 3) Pharyngeal peristaltic pressure wave amplitude and duration, but not its velocity, are modulated by the bolus consistency. This modulatory mechanism is preserved in the elderly. 4) Although UES resting pressure is significantly decreased in the elderly, its pressure response to esophageal distension by air and balloon is preserved.