Comparison between different traffic-related particle indicators:: Elemental. carbon (EC), PM2.5 mass, and absorbance
Comparison between different traffic-related particle indicators:: Elemental. carbon (EC), PM2.5 mass, and absorbance
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DOI：
10.1038/sj.jea.7500262
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发表时间：
2003-03-01
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Brunekreef, B
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Cyrys, J;Heinrich, J;Brunekreef, B
在这里，我们将 PM2.5（空气动力学直径小于 2.5 µm 的颗粒）质量和过滤器吸光度测量值与在同一地点平行测量的元素碳 (EC) 浓度以及并置的 PM2.5 和 PM10（空气动力学直径小于 10 µm 的颗粒）质量和吸光度测量值进行比较。这些数据是在德国、荷兰和瑞典的交通相关空气污染对儿童哮喘 (TRAPCA) 研究中收集的。该研究旨在评估长期平均浓度的空间对比对健康的影响。测量站点分布在背景位置和交通位置之间。与城市背景站点相比，交通站点的年度 EC 和 PM2.5 吸光度测量值平均分别高出 43-84% 和 26-76%。 PM2.5 质量测量的对比度较低 (8-35%)。与 PM2.5 吸光度相比，观察到的 PM2.5 质量对比度较小，EC 文献表明 PM2.5 质量低估了与机动交通排放相关的暴露对比度。 PM10 和 PM2.5 之间的相关性很高，表明 PM10 的空间变化大部分是由 PM2.5 造成的。 PM2.5 吸光度的测量与 EC 测量高度相关，表明吸光度可以作为一种简单、廉价且非破坏性的方法。估计与机动交通相关的颗粒物空气污染。 EC/吸光度关系因国家和地点类型（背景/交通）而异，支持对简单吸光度方法进行特定地点校准的需要。虽然PM2.5和PM10质量之比范围为0.54至0.68，但PM2.5吸光度和PM10吸光度之比为0.96-0.97，表明PM2.5吸光度捕获了几乎所有颗粒吸光度。
Here we compare PM2.5 (particles with aerodynamic diameter less than 2.5 mum) mass and filter absorbance measurements with elemental carbon (EC) concentrations measured in parallel at the same site as well as collocated PM2.5 and PM10 (particles with aerodynamic diameter less than 10 mum) mass and absorbance measurements. The data were collected within the Traffic-Related Air Pollution on Childhood Asthma (TRAPCA) study in Germany, The Netherlands and Sweden. The study was designed to assess the health impact of spatial contrasts in long-term average concentrations. The measurement sites were distributed between background and traffic locations. Annual EC and PM2.5 absorbance measurements were at traffic sites on average 43-84% and 26-76% higher, respectively, compared to urban background sites. The contrast for PM2.5 mass measurements was lower (8-35%). The smaller contrast observed for PM2.5 mass in comparison with PM2.5 absorbance and EC documents that PM2.5 mass underestimates exposure contrasts related to motorized traffic emissions. The correlation between PM10 and PM2.5 was high, documenting that most of the spatial variation of PM10 was because of PM2.5. The measurement of PM2.5 absorbance was highly correlated with EC measurements and suggests that absorbance can be used as a simple, inexpensive and non-destructive method. to estimate motorized traffic-related particulate air pollution. The EC/absorbance relation differed between countries and site type (background/traffic), supporting the need for site-specific calibrations of the simple absorbance method. While the ratio between PM2.5 and PM10 mass ranged from 0.54 to 0.68, the ratio of PM2.5 absorbance and PM10 absorbance was 0.96-0.97, indicating that PM2.5 absorbance captures nearly all of the particle absorbance.