INACTIVATION OF NORWALK VIRUS IN DRINKING-WATER BY CHLORINE
INACTIVATION OF NORWALK VIRUS IN DRINKING-WATER BY CHLORINE
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DOI：
10.1128/aem.50.2.261-264.1985
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发表时间：
1985-01-01
影响因子：
4.4
通讯作者：
HOFF, JC
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
KESWICK, BH;SATTERWHITE, TK;HOFF, JC
水中的诺瓦克病毒比脊髓灰质炎病毒1型（LSc2Ab）、人轮状病毒（Wa）、猿猴轮状病毒（SA11）或f2噬菌体更耐氯灭活。3.75毫克/升剂量的氯对其他病毒有效，但未能消灭诺沃克病毒。尽管最初存在游离余氯，但诺瓦克病毒接种物对5或8名志愿者仍具有感染性。通过诺瓦克病毒血清转化证明了志愿者的免疫力。16例接受未处理接种物的受试者中有14例血清转化为诺瓦克病毒。8名志愿者中有4人患病，16名对照受试者中有11人患病。用10 mg/l剂量的氯处理的类似诺瓦克病毒接种物仅在1名志愿者中产生疾病，并且未能在8名志愿者中的任何一名中诱导血清转化。在30分钟接触期后，在反应容器中测量游离氯（5 - 6 mg/l）。诺瓦克病毒似乎对氯有很强的抵抗力，这可能解释了它在水传播疾病爆发中的重要性。
Norwalk virus in water is more resistant to chlorine inactivation than poliovirus type 1 (LSc2Ab), human rotavirus (Wa), simian rotavirus (SA11) or f2 bacteriophage. A 3.75 mg/l dose of chlorine was effective against other viruses but failed to inactivate Norwalk virus. The Norwalk virus inoculum remained infectious for 5 or 8 volunteers, despite the initial presence of free residual chlorine. Infectivity in volunteers was demonstrated by seroconversion to Norwalk virus. Fourteen of 16 subjects receiving untreated inoculum seroconverted to Norwalk virus. Illness was produced in 4 of the 8 volunteers and in 11 of 16 control subjects. A similar Norwalk virus inoculum treated with a 10 mg/l dose of chlorine produced illness in only 1 and failed to induce seroconversion in any of 8 volunteers. Free chlorine (5-6 mg/l) was measured in the reaction vessel after a 30-min contact period. Norwalk virus appears to be very resistant to chlorine which may explain its importance in outbreaks of waterborne disease.