Effects of short-term low- and high-carbohydrate diets on postprandial metabolism in non-diabetic and diabetic subjects
Effects of short-term low- and high-carbohydrate diets on postprandial metabolism in non-diabetic and diabetic subjects
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DOI：
10.1016/j.numecd.2007.09.003
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发表时间：
2009-06-01
影响因子：
3.9
通讯作者：
Frayn, K. N.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Culling, K. S.;Neil, H. A. W.;Frayn, K. N.
背景和目的：低脂高碳水化合物饮食可提高血浆三酰甘油(TG)浓度。为了测试碳水化合物的性质是否影响代谢反应，我们进行了一项随机交叉研究，采用短期、强化的饮食修改。方法和结果：8名非糖尿病受试者和4名饮食控制的2型糖尿病受试者参加。他们遵循三种等能量饮食，每一种为期3天：高脂肪(50%的能量来自脂肪)、高淀粉和高糖(每种能量70%来自碳水化合物)。提供正常的食物。在每个饮食周期后的第4天，我们测量了空腹和标准试验餐后的血浆甘油三酯和血糖浓度。空腹甘油三酯浓度在高糖饮食后最高(所有受试者均为1900+/-420mU/L)，最低为高脂饮食(1010+/-130mU/L)(P=0.001)，高淀粉(平均1500+/-310)与高脂肪无显著差异(P=0.06)。糖尿病受试者的影响更大(饮食×糖尿病状态交互作用，P=0.008)。餐后甘油三酯浓度受先前饮食(P<；0.001)的影响相似，每种饮食都不同于其他饮食(P<；0.01)。高糖饮食与高脂肪饮食的空腹甘油三酯升高与平均空腹甘油三酯浓度密切相关(糖尿病和非糖尿病受试者均为P=0.01)。高脂饮食后空腹血糖浓度显著高于高糖饮食(P=0.018.0 3)。结论：极低脂饮食的短期甘油三酯升高效应与碳水化合物的性质有关，高糖饮食的影响大于复合碳水化合物饮食。(C)2007 Elsevier B.V.保留所有权利。
Background and aim: Low-fat high-carbohydrate diets raise plasma triacylglycerol (TG) concentrations. To test whether the nature of the carbohydrate affects metabolic responses, we conducted a randomized cross-over study using a short-term, intensive dietary modification.Methods and results: Eight non-diabetic subjects and four subjects with diet-controlled type 2 diabetes participated. They followed three isoenergetic diets, each for 3 days: high-fat (50% energy from fat), high-starch and high-sugar (each 70% energy from carbohydrate). Normal foods were provided. We measured plasma TG and glucose concentrations, fasting and after a standard test meal, on day 4 following each dietary period. Fasting TG concentrations were greatest following the high-sugar diet (mean +/- SEM for all subjects 1900 +/- 420 mu mol/l) and lowest following high-fat (1010 +/- 130 mu mol/l) (P = 0.001); high-starch (mean 1500 +/- 310) and high-fat did not differ significantly (P = 0.06). There was a greater effect in the diabetic subjects (diet x diabetes status interaction, P = 0.008). Postprandial TG concentrations were similarly affected by prior diet (P < 0.001) with each diet different from the others (P < 0.01). The elevation of fasting TG on the high-sugar versus high-fat diet was strongly related to the average fasting TG concentration (P = 0.01 across both diabetic and non-diabetic subjects). Fasting glucose concentrations were not affected by prior diet but postprandial glucose concentrations were (P = 0.018), with significantly higher values after the high-fat than the high-sugar diet (P = 0.03).Conclusions: The short-term TG-raising effect of a very low-fat diet is dependent upon the nature of the carbohydrate, with a greater effect of a sugar-rich than a complex-carbohydrate-rich diet. (C) 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.