Does urbanization affect the gap between urban and rural areas? Evidence from China
Does urbanization affect the gap between urban and rural areas? Evidence from China
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DOI：
10.1016/j.seps.2022.101271
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发表时间：
2022-06-13
影响因子：
6.1
通讯作者：
Liu, Jilai
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Jiang, Changjun;Li, Jintao;Liu, Jilai
基于2000 - 2018年中国省级面板数据，从人口、土地和经济三重城市化发展视角，运用核密度估计和固定效应模型，研究了中国城乡多维差距的演变特征。定量计算了人口城市化、产业城市化和土地城市化对城乡社会经济制度差距和城乡居民生活制度差距的影响程度。结果如下。(1)中国城乡差距总体缩小，东中西部城乡发展不平衡逐步显现。(2)PUR被发现有效地缩小SEC和RLS。工发组织扩大了城市资源组;工发组织还扩大了中国东部省份和与中国中西部有联系的省份之间的农村土地系统。同时，土地利用率可以有效地扩大证券交易，特别是在东部沿海地区。(3)随着城镇化的发展，城乡财政投入、劳动生产报酬、生活质量、交通工具支付能力等方面的差距将缩小。这些研究结果的关键启示是，未来应因地制宜地制定相关措施和政策，以促进农村经济发展的实施。
From the perspective of the threefold development of urbanization, namely, in terms of population, land and the economy, this paper studies the evolution characteristics of the multi-dimensional gap between urban and rural areas based on provincial panel data from 2000 to 2018 in China, using the Kernel Density Estimation and Fixed Effect Model. The study also quantitatively calculates the influence degree of population urbanization (PUR), industrial urbanization (IUR) and land urbanization (LUR) on the gap of the social economic system (SEC) and residents' living system (RLS) between urban and rural areas. The results were as follows. (1) The overall gap between urban and rural areas (URG) in China has decreased, and urban and rural development is gradually becoming unbalanced in eastern, central and western China. (2) PUR was found effectively to narrow the SEC and RLS. IUR expanded the URG; IUR has also widened the RLS between the eastern provinces of China and the provinces in contact with central and western China. Meanwhile, LUR could effectively expand the SEC, especially in the eastern coastal areas. (3) With the development of urbanization, the gap between urban and rural financial investment, labor production remuneration, quality of life, and capacity to pay by means of transport will be narrowed. The key implication of these findings is that future relevant measures and policies should be formulated according to local conditions, in order to promote the implementation of rural economic development.