Alcohol and illicit substances associated with fatal crashes in Queensland: An examination of the 2011 to 2015 Coroner's findings
Alcohol and illicit substances associated with fatal crashes in Queensland: An examination of the 2011 to 2015 Coroner's findings
复制标题
DOI：
10.1016/j.forsciint.2020.110190
复制
发表时间：
2020-07-01
影响因子：
2.2
通讯作者：
Parkes, Alexander
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Davey, Jeremy D.;Armstrong, Kerry A.;Parkes, Alexander
问题：不良驾驶问题在文献中有很好的记录，但严重依赖于自我报告研究和/或数据库，这些研究和/或数据库不包括有关死亡原因的深入信息。目的：本研究旨在对昆士兰州所有致命受伤司机的验尸官调查结果进行深入分析，以探讨致命事故报告中酒精和不同类型非法物质（包括药物组合）的流行程度。方法：对2011-2015年期间涉及交通相关死亡的车辆驾驶员或控制者的701份验尸报告进行分析，发现306名控制者（43.6%）被检测出酒精或非法药物（如甲基安非他明、Delta 9-四氢大麻酚、可卡因或MDMA）。结果：酒精是最常检测到的物质，有223例（占药物和酒精样本的72.9%）。非法药物检测共计147起（占毒品和酒精样本的48%），其中Delta 9-四氢大麻酚是最常检测到的非法物质（109起，占毒品和酒精样本的35.6%），其次是甲基安非他明（共63起，占毒品和酒精样本的20.6%）。即将出现的一个重要主题是，受致命伤害的司机普遍使用多种药物，不仅是酒精和一种药物，而且还有多种药物组合。死亡趋势显示，在整个研究期间，非物质和酒精相关的死亡人数都在减少。然而，发现非法药物的道路死亡人数增加了约57%。男性在总死亡人数中所占比例过高（82.4%），与非法药物有关的死亡没有明显的性别或年龄差异。数据中最常见的是乘用车司机（66.2%），但摩托车操作员的比例不成比例（占总控制样本的28.1%，而昆士兰州车辆登记的比例为4%）结论：对致命车祸的案例研究分析不仅证实了持续存在的酒精和驾驶问题，而且阐明了在致命受伤的司机中发现的非法物质问题。(C) 2020年Elsevier B.V.出版
Problem: The problem of impaired driving is well documented in the literature but is heavily dependent upon self-report studies and/or databases that do not include in-depth information about the contributing origins of fatalities.Aim: This study aimed to conduct an in-depth analysis of Coroner's findings for all fatally injured drivers in the state of Queensland in order to explore the prevalence of alcohol and different types of illicit substances (including drug combinations) in fatal crash reports.Method: A total of 701 Coroner's reports related to drivers or controllers of vehicles involved in traffic related fatalities for the period of 2011-2015 were analysed, revealing 306 controllers (43.6%) were detected with either alcohol or illegal drugs (e.g., methylamphetamine, Delta 9-tetrahydrocannabinol, cocaine or MDMA)Results: Alcohol was the most commonly detected substance identified with 223 cases (72.9% of the drug and alcohol sample). Illicit drug detections totalled 147 cases (48% of the drug and alcohol sample) with Delta 9-tetrahydrocannabinol the most commonly detected illicit substance (109 cases; 35.6% of the drug and alcohol sample) followed by methylamphetamine (total of 63 cases; 20.6% of the drug and alcohol sample). An important theme to emerge was the prevalence of polysubstance use among fatally injured drivers, not just for alcohol and one drug type, but also multiple drug combinations. Fatality trends revealed a decrease in both non-substance and alcohol-related fatalities across the study period. However, road fatalities where an illicit substance was detected increased by approximately 57%. Males were overrepresented as a proportion of total fatalities (82.4%) and there were no significant sex or age differences regarding illicit substance related deaths. Drivers of passenger vehicles were most commonly identified in the data (66.2%), but motorcycle operators were disproportionately represented (28.1% of the total controller sample compared to 4% of vehicle registrations in Queensland)Conclusion: This case study analysis of fatal crashes not only confirms the ongoing problem of alcohol and driving, but also illuminates the emerging (and escalating) issue of illicit substances detected in fatally injured drivers. (C) 2020 Published by Elsevier B.V.