Degradation of Amyloplast Envelope and Discussion on the Concept of Compound Starch Granule in Rice Endosperm
Degradation of Amyloplast Envelope and Discussion on the Concept of Compound Starch Granule in Rice Endosperm
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发表时间：
2008
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通讯作者：
Liu Qiaoquan
中科院分区：
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作者：
Liu Qiaoquan
用透射电镜和扫描电镜观察了淀粉粒的发育、淀粉体包膜的降解和复合淀粉粒的形态。许多淀粉粒在一个淀粉质体中形成和发育。随着发育，淀粉颗粒的形态由球形变为椭球状。淀粉粒在淀粉质体中相互接触后形成多面体。淀粉体充满淀粉粒后，淀粉体包膜开始降解。降解膜碎片包围细胞质基质形成环状膜结构。发育良好的淀粉粒呈多面体状，排列紧凑，在淀粉体包膜降解后仍保持淀粉体的轮廓。成熟的籽粒淀粉粒发育良好，在胚乳细胞之间的断裂面显示透明。发育不良的淀粉粒在淀粉体中呈圆形或椭圆形，排列松散，在淀粉体包膜降解后，淀粉粒不能保持淀粉体的轮廓。成熟的籽粒淀粉粒发育不全，在胚乳细胞破裂处呈白垩质。此外，还讨论了复合淀粉颗粒的概念。
The development of starch granule, degradation of amyloplast envelope and morphology of compound starch granule were observed with the transmission electron microscopy and scanning electron microscopy. Many starch granules formed and developed in one amyloplast. The morphology of starch granules changed from spheroid to ellipsoid with development. Starch granules became polyhedral when they contacted to each other in amyloplast. The amyloplast envelope began to degrade after amyloplast was full of starch granules. Degraded membrane fragments surrounded cytoplasmic matrix to form ring membrane structure. Well developed starch granules were polyhedral with compact arrangement in amyloplast, and these starch granules kept the outline of amyloplast after amyloplast envelope degraded. Mature grain with well developed starch granules showed transparence where the fracture surface was suggested to be between endosperm cells. Poorly developed starch granules were round or elliptic with loose arrangement in amyloplast, and these starch granules did not keep the outline of amyloplast after amyloplast envelope degraded. Mature grain with poorly developed starch granules showed chalkiness where the fracture surface was suggested to be through endosperm cells. In addition, the concept of compound starch granules was discussed.