Abundance of Zetaproteobacteria within crustal fluids in back-arc hydrothermal fields of the Southern Mariana Trough
Abundance of Zetaproteobacteria within crustal fluids in back-arc hydrothermal fields of the Southern Mariana Trough
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DOI：
10.1111/j.1462-2920.2009.02031.x
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发表时间：
2009-12-01
影响因子：
5.1
通讯作者：
Yamagishi, Akihiko
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Kato, Shingo;Yanagawa, Katsunori;Yamagishi, Akihiko
为了进一步了解大洋地壳中的亚海底微生物群落，利用基于16SrRNA基因序列的非培养性分子生物学技术，对南马里亚纳海槽弧后热液区地壳流体中微生物群落的丰度、多样性和组成进行了研究。海底钻探是在两个热液区进行的，分别位于SMT弧后扩张中心的脊上和脊外。利用从钻孔中收集的液体样品构建了细菌和古细菌群落的16 S rRNA基因克隆库。从流体样品中回收了与γ变形菌门（假定的硫化物氧化剂）中的硫微螺旋体和Zetaproteobacteria（假定的铁氧化剂）中的Mariprofundus相关的系统型。还发现了一些独特的古细菌类型。荧光原位杂交（FISH）分析表明，存在活跃的细菌和古菌种群的流体。Zetaproteobacteria占总原核细胞数的32%，如使用本研究中设计的特异性探针的FISH分析所示。我们的研究结果导致的假设，Zetaproteobacteria发挥作用，在海洋地壳内的铁氧化。
P>To extend knowledge of subseafloor microbial communities within the oceanic crust, the abundance, diversity and composition of microbial communities in crustal fluids at back-arc hydrothermal fields of the Southern Mariana Trough (SMT) were investigated using culture-independent molecular techniques based on 16S rRNA gene sequences. Seafloor drilling was carried out at two hydrothermal fields, on- and off-ridge of the back-arc spreading centre of the SMT. 16S rRNA gene clone libraries for bacterial and archaeal communities were constructed from the fluid samples collected from the boreholes. Phylotypes related to Thiomicrospira in the Gammaproteobacteria (putative sulfide-oxidizers) and Mariprofundus in the Zetaproteobacteria (putative iron-oxidizers) were recovered from the fluid samples. A number of unique archaeal phylotypes were also recovered. Fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) analysis indicated the presence of active bacterial and archaeal populations in the fluids. The Zetaproteobacteria accounted for up to 32% of the total prokaryotic cell number as shown by FISH analysis using a specific probe designed in this study. Our results lead to the hypothesis that the Zetaproteobacteria play a role in iron oxidation within the oceanic crust.