Exploiting natural antiviral immunity for the control of pandemics: Lessons from Covid-19.

Exploiting natural antiviral immunity for the control of pandemics: Lessons from Covid-19.
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DOI:
10.1016/j.cytogfr.2021.12.001
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发表时间:
2022-03
影响因子:
13
通讯作者:
Belardelli F
Belardelli F
中科院分区:
医学2区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Aricò E;Bracci L;Castiello L;Urbani F;Casanova JL;Belardelli F

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由严重急性呼吸系统综合征冠状病毒2型(SARS-CoV-2)引发的2019年冠状病毒病(COVID-19)爆发,以及在死亡率和社会经济危机方面的破坏性全球后果,提供了可能有助于制定战略以更好地应对未来流行病的经验教训。先天免疫和内在免疫形成了前线天然抗病毒防御。它们涉及组织驻留细胞和循环细胞,它们可以在病毒感染后不久产生抗病毒分子。这些因子的原型是I型干扰素(IFN),具有长期临床使用记录的抗病毒细胞因子。在过去的两年中,在理解SARS-CoV-2感染的机制以及病毒暴露后早期发生的细胞和可溶性抗病毒反应方面取得了令人印象深刻的进展。然而,这些信息并没有充分转化为治疗方法。I型IFN活性不足可能是许多患者疾病进展的原因。这是由于SARS-CoV-2开发的多种干扰机制降低I型IFN应答和各种预先存在的人类I型IFN活性缺陷(遗传或自身免疫)。新出现的数据表明,IFN-1介导的患者免疫力的增强,直接通过病毒感染后早期外源性施用IFN-β实现,或间接在接种异源疫苗(例如,卡介苗),可能发挥作用,对SARS-CoV-2。我们回顾了最近对严重COVID-19肺炎的病毒和人类决定因素的见解如何促进IFN治疗的临床研究。我们还讨论了IFN-β的早期治疗性使用和减毒活疫苗的预防性活动如何预防第一波新的大流行病毒。
The outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), triggered by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), and the disruptive global consequences in terms of mortality and social and economic crises, have taught lessons that may help define strategies to better face future pandemics. Innate and intrinsic immunity form the front-line natural antiviral defense. They involve both tissue-resident and circulating cells, which can produce anti-viral molecules shortly after viral infection. Prototypes of these factors are type I interferons (IFN), antiviral cytokines with a long record of clinical use. During the last two years, there has been an impressive progress in understanding the mechanisms of both SARS-CoV-2 infection and the cellular and soluble antiviral responses occurring early after viral exposure. However, this information was not sufficiently translated into therapeutic approaches. Insufficient type I IFN activity probably accounts for disease progression in many patients. This results from both the multiple interfering mechanisms developed by SARS-CoV-2 to decrease type I IFN response and various pre-existing human deficits of type I IFN activity, inherited or auto-immune. Emerging data suggest that IFN-I-mediated boosting of patients’ immunity, achieved directly through the exogenous administration of IFN-β early post viral infection, or indirectly following inoculation of heterologous vaccines (e.g., Bacillus Calmette Guerin), might play a role against SARS-CoV-2. We review how recent insights on the viral and human determinants of critical COVID-19 pneumonia can foster clinical studies of IFN therapy. We also discuss how early therapeutic use of IFN-β and prophylactic campaigns with live attenuated vaccines might prevent a first wave of new pandemic viruses.
危及生命的Covid-19患者中针对I型IFN的自身抗体。
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发表时间: 1984-01-01
期刊: PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA-BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES
影响因子: --
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通讯作者: GRESSER, I
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