A multi-century Sierra Nevada snowpack reconstruction modeled using upper-elevation coniferous tree rings (California, USA)
A multi-century Sierra Nevada snowpack reconstruction modeled using upper-elevation coniferous tree rings (California, USA)
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使用高海拔针叶树年轮建模的多世纪内华达山脉积雪重建（美国加利福尼亚州）
DOI：
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发表时间：
2020
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通讯作者：
D. Falk
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作者：
K. Lepley;R. Touchan;D. Meko;E. Shamir;R. Graham;D. Falk
内华达山脉的积雪约占加州供水量的三分之一。融化的雪为该地区地中海气候特有的干燥夏季提供了水源。随着气候变化，了解积雪、融雪和生物反应的模式对于这个具有农业、娱乐和生态价值的地区至关重要。在这里，我们研究了山地针叶树（铁杉、冷杉、冷杉、Calocedrus decurrens、Juniperus occidentalis 和 Pinus ponderosa）的年轮与区域气候指数之间的关系，目的是重建内华达山脉北福克美国河流域的 4 月 1 日雪水当量 (SWE)。年表与环形成前一年的 4 月 1 日 SWE 呈正相关。树木年轮年表与气候指数之间相关性的时间趋势表明，随着时间的推移，树木生长对气候的响应不断增强。我们对 1661-2013 年 4 月 1 日 SWE 进行了巧妙的嵌套重建。重建的可变性在 20 世纪和 21 世纪可变性的范围内；然而，根据之前的研究结果，2015 年积雪量创下历史新低，这在树木年轮记录中是前所未有的。未来的研究应侧重于将现代雪传感器数据整合到古气候研究中，并了解雪与树木生长响应之间的机制联系。
Snowpack in the Sierra Nevada Mountains accounts for around one-third of California’s water supply. Melting snow provides water into dry summer months characteristic of the region’s Mediterranean climate. As climate changes, understanding patterns of snowpack, snowmelt, and biological response is critical in this region of agricultural, recreational, and ecological value. Here we investigated the relationships between tree rings of montane conifer trees (Tsuga mertensiana, Abies magnifica, Abies concolor, Calocedrus decurrens, Juniperus occidentalis, and Pinus ponderosa) and regional climate indices with the goal of reconstructing April 1 snow-water equivalent (SWE) in the North Fork American River watershed of the Sierra Nevada. Chronologies were positively correlated with April 1 SWE of the year prior to ring formation. Temporal trends in correlation between tree-ring chronologies and climate indices indicate strengthening tree growth response to climate over time. We developed a skillful, nested reconstruction for April 1 SWE, 1661–2013. Variability of the reconstruction is within the envelope of 20th and 21st-century variability; however, the 2015 record low snowpack is unprecedented in the tree-ring record, as in results from previous studies. Future research should focus on integrating modern snow sensor data into paleoclimate research and understanding mechanistic linkages between snow and tree growth response.