Interlinkages between internal and international migration and development in the Asian region
Interlinkages between internal and international migration and development in the Asian region
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亚洲地区国内和国际移民与发展之间的相互联系
DOI：
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发表时间：
2006
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
R. Skeldon
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
R. Skeldon
本文件探讨了亚洲区域的国内移徙制度和国际移徙制度之间的联系。在国际移徙和城市化的全球格局不断变化的背景下，本文简要考察了移徙研究和政策中两种不同传统的演变：关注国际移徙的传统和关注国内移徙的传统。认识到这两类移徙之间的任何区别都有一些模糊之处，文件假定两种制度之间有足够的差异，有理由分开识别。尽管两者可以同时运行，但论文继续假设了两种情况：国内移徙可能导致国际移徙；国际移徙可能导致国内移徙。来自南亚和东亚不同地区的证据被用来检验这些说法的有效性。没有单一的进化路径，在亚洲可以找到这两种情况的例子。人口集中在城市地区可能会导致后来的国际移徙，但这些国际移徙本身会在原籍地区造成真空，进而可能产生国内移徙。殖民接触的历史也可以引发来自特定地区的国际移民，而不一定只是城市移民，这会导致后来的国内流动。虽然没有简单的演变路径，但国内移徙和国际移徙是一体的，有必要将其视为一个统一的系统，而不是孤立的。等级运动将较富裕和较贫穷的群体联系在一起，需要在执行减贫方案的背景下加以理解。通过尝试将国内移徙和国际移徙联系起来，这份文件是朝着建立一个更综合的人口流动研究框架迈出的一小步。
This paper examines the linkages between systems of internal migration and systems of international migration in the Asian region. In the context of changing global patterns of international migration on the one hand and urbanization on the other, the paper briefly examines the evolution of two different traditions in migration research and policy: those concerned with international and those concerned with internal migration. Recognizing that there is some blurring in any distinction between the two types of migration, the paper hypothesizes that there are sufficient differences between the two systems to warrant separate identification. Although both can operate simultaneously, the paper goes on to posit two scenarios: that internal migration can lead to international migration; and that international migration can lead to internal migration. Evidence from various parts of South and East Asia is employed to examine the validity of these statements. There is no single evolutionary path and examples of both scenarios are found in Asia. The concentration of populations in urban areas can give rise to later international movements but these international migrations themselves, by creating vacuums in areas of origin, can in turn generate internal migration. The history of colonial contact, too, can initiate international migration from particular areas, not necessarily just urban, that give rise to later internal movements. Although there is no simple evolutionary path, internal and international migrations are integrated and it is necessary to consider them as a unified system rather than in isolation. The hierarchical movements link richer and poorer groups together and need to be understood in the context of the implementation of programmes of poverty alleviation. By attempting to link internal and international migration, this paper is a small step towards the creation of a more integrated framework for the study of population movement.