Harbour porpoise responses to pile-driving diminish over time
Harbour porpoise responses to pile-driving diminish over time
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DOI：
10.1098/rsos.190335
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发表时间：
2019-06-01
影响因子：
3.5
通讯作者：
Thompson, Paul M.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Graham, Isla M.;Merchant, Nathan D.;Thompson, Paul M.
估计海上风电场建设对海洋哺乳动物的影响需要与不同噪声水平和来源相关的排水量数据。利用回声定位探测器和噪声记录器，我们研究了北海一个风电场在10个月的基础安装过程中，港口江豚对打桩噪声的行为反应。目前英国的指导方针假设打桩26公里以内的总位移。相比之下，我们记录了在第一个堆叠位置7.4公里内(95%CI=5.7-9.4)的50%响应概率，到最终位置减少到1.3公里(95%CI=0.2-2.8)；代表26公里内个人移位的28%(95%CI=21-35)和18%(95%CI=13-23)。事实证明，距离与听力图加权接收水平一样可以很好地预测反应，为环境评估提供了一个更实用的变量。关键是，声学威慑装置(ADD)的使用和血管活动提高了反应水平。将可再生能源对鲸目动物的影响降至最低的政策和管理集中在打桩噪音上。我们的结果强调需要考虑通过增加使用来减少远场行为干扰和近场伤害的努力之间的权衡。
Estimating impacts of offshore windfarm construction on marine mammals requires data on displacement in relation to different noise levels and sources. Using echolocation detectors and noise recorders, we investigated harbour porpoise behavioural responses to piling noise during the 10-month foundation installation of a North Sea windfarm. Current UK guidance assumes total displacement within 26 km of pile driving. By contrast, we recorded a 50% probability of response within 7.4 km (95% CI = 5.7-9.4) at the first location piled, decreasing to 1.3 km (95% CI = 0.2-2.8) by the final location; representing 28% (95% CI = 21-35) and 18% (95% CI = 13-23) displacement of individuals within 26 km. Distance proved as good a predictor of responses as audiogram-weighted received levels, presenting a more practicable variable for environmental assessments. Critically, acoustic deterrent device (ADD) use and vessel activity increased response levels. Policy and management to minimize impacts of renewables on cetaceans have concentrated on pile-driving noise. Our results highlight the need to consider trade-offs between efforts to reduce far-field behavioural disturbance and near-field injury through ADD use.