Three concepts of internationalism
Three concepts of internationalism
复制标题
国际主义的三个概念
DOI：
--
复制
发表时间：
1988
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
F. Halliday
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
F. Halliday
国际关系学科的主题通常被认为是一个事实问题：这里追溯一个国家的外交政策，那里追溯一个特定地区国家之间的关系。更宽泛地说，它可以被描述为对时事的反思性分析。这些因素都是，或者应该是，国际关系的学术研究的兴趣;但他们并不构成什么人可以称之为学科的核心，因为它已经在大学发展，因为第一个部门成立后第一次世界大战。相反，国际关系的核心是由另外两个更普遍的关切构成的。一个问题是如何以及用什么概念来分析国家之间和跨国界的关系。我们可以观察到什么样的现象，可以推测出什么样的原因，什么样的分析范畴可以最好地解释诸如国家间冲突、民族主义的影响、经济在国际环境中的作用等现象？第二个是价值问题，即规范问题。什么时候干预或使用武力是合法的;我们对我们出生的国家或发现自己与其他国际实体相反的国家有什么义务;基于正义的理由，什么形式的国际经济关系是可取的;什么形式的联合和团结，以及以什么代价，是合适的？
The subject-matter of the academic discipline of international relations is often thought of as being very much a question of facts: tracing the foreign policy of one country here, the relations between states in a particular region there. More loosely it can be described as the reflective analysis of current affairs. These elements are all, or should be, of interest to the academic study of international relations; but they do not constitute what one may term the core of the discipline as it has developed in universities since the first departments were established after the First World War. Rather, the core of international relations is constituted by two other, more general, concerns. One is the question how and with what concepts to analyse relations between states and across frontiers. What regularities can be observed, what causes can be divined, what analytical categories can best explain such phenomena as inter-state conflict, the impact of nationalism, the role of the economic in international contexts? The second is the question of value, of the normative. When is it legitimate to intervene or use force; what are our obligations to the states in which we happen to be born or find ourselves as opposed to other, international, entities; what forms of international economic relationship are preferable on grounds of justice; what forms of association and solidarity, and at what cost, is it appropriate to argue for?