The Influence of Executive Functions on Phonemic Processing in Children Who Do and Do Not Stutter.
The Influence of Executive Functions on Phonemic Processing in Children Who Do and Do Not Stutter.
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执行功能对口吃和不口吃儿童音位处理的影响。
DOI：
10.1044/2017_jslhr-s-17-0033
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发表时间：
2017
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Basu,Shriya
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Sasisekaran,Jayanthi;Basu,Shriya
本研究的目的是考察口吃儿童和非口吃儿童的双重任务表现，并考察两组儿童在任务执行过程中的注意能力和有效分配认知资源的能力是否存在差异。在主要任务中，受试者在图文单词干扰任务中进行音素监测。在第二个任务中，被试对图片开始后不同(短、长)刺激起始异步(SOA)时呈现的音调做出音调判断。结果CWS在执行监控任务时与没有口吃的儿童相当，尽管CWS中基于SOA的绩效差异在CWS中变化更大。在较短的SOA下，CWS在语调判断上也明显较慢，并呈现出在这项任务中犯更多错误的趋势。结论本研究结果表明，CWS的双重任务成本效应更高。对于这一发现，一个需要进一步测试和证实的潜在解释是，CWS显示出注意音调刺激的效率降低，同时将注意力优先放在音素监控任务上。
PurposeThe aim of the present study was to investigate dual-task performance in children who stutter (CWS) and those who do not to investigate if the groups differed in the ability to attend and allocate cognitive resources effectively during task performance.MethodParticipants were 24 children (12 CWS) in both groups matched for age and sex. For the primary task, participants performed a phoneme monitoring in a picture–written word interference task. For the secondary task, participants made pitch judgments on tones presented at varying (short, long) stimulus onset asynchrony (SOA) from the onset of the picture.ResultsThe CWS were comparable to the children who do not stutter in performing the monitoring task although the SOA-based performance differences in this task were more variable in the CWS. The CWS were also significantly slower in making tone decisions at the short SOA and showed a trend for making more errors in this task.ConclusionsThe findings are interpreted to suggest higher dual-task cost effects in CWS. A potential explanation for this finding requiring further testing and confirmation is that the CWS show reduced efficiency in attending to the tone stimuli while simultaneously prioritizing attention to the phoneme-monitoring task.