Evaluation of Sampling, Analysis, and Normalization Methods for SARS-CoV-2 Concentrations in Wastewater to Assess COVID-19 Burdens in Wisconsin Communities
Evaluation of Sampling, Analysis, and Normalization Methods for SARS-CoV-2 Concentrations in Wastewater to Assess COVID-19 Burdens in Wisconsin Communities
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DOI：
10.1021/acsestwater.1c00160
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发表时间：
2021-07-09
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
McLellan, Sandra L.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Feng, Shuchen;Roguet, Adelaide;McLellan, Sandra L.
对污水进行SARS-CoV-2监测为评估下水道服务区的感染负担提供了一种方法。为了使这些数据对公共卫生有用，需要确定测量变异性及其与病例数据的关系。我们测定了2020年8月至2021年1月12个污水处理厂进水中的SARS-CoV-2 RNA浓度。N1基因浓度的技术重复显示相对标准偏差为24%，这表明有可能跟踪SARS-CoV-2浓度随时间的相对较小（类似于30%）的变化。在大小服务区，COVID-19病例与废水中SARS-CoV-2 RNA浓度呈显著相关（rho >= 0.70），在两个社区，相关性较弱（rho >= 0.59）。SARS-CoV-2浓度按人均归一化后与COVID-19发病率的相关性略有提高，但按加尖恢复对照（BCoV）或粪便标志物（PMMoV或HF183）归一化后，许多植物的相关性降低。每日抽样表明，每周至少需要收集两个样本，以保持趋势分析的准确性。SARS-CoV-2与COVID-19发病率之间关系强度的差异以及标准化对这些数据的影响表明，应在实施废水监测计划的个别地点进行严格的验证。
Wastewater surveillance for SARS-CoV-2 provides an approach for assessing the infection burden across a sewer service area. For these data to be useful for public health, measurement variability and the relationship to case data need to be established. We determined SARS-CoV-2 RNA concentrations in the influent of 12 wastewater treatment plants from August 2020 to January 2021. Technical replicates for N1 gene concentrations showed a relative standard deviation of 24%, suggesting it is possible to track relatively small (similar to 30%) changes in SARS-CoV-2 concentrations over time. COVID-19 cases were correlated significantly (rho >= 0.70) to wastewater SARS-CoV-2 RNA concentrations across large and small service areas, with weaker relationships (rho >= 0.59) in two communities. SARS-CoV-2 concentrations normalized to per capita slightly improved correlations to COVID-19 incidence, but normalizing to a spiked recovery control (BCoV) or a fecal marker (PMMoV or HF183) reduced correlations for a number of plants. Daily sampling demonstrated that a minimum of two samples collected per week were needed to maintain accuracy in trend analysis. The differences in the strength of SARS-CoV-2 relationships to COVID-19 incidence and the effect of normalization on these data among communities demonstrate that rigorous validation should be performed at individual sites where wastewater surveillance programs are implemented.