Effects of extreme natural events on the provision of ecosystem services in a mountain environment: The importance of trail design in delivering system resilience and ecosystem service co-benefits.
Effects of extreme natural events on the provision of ecosystem services in a mountain environment: The importance of trail design in delivering system resilience and ecosystem service co-benefits.
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极端自然事件对山区环境中生态系统服务提供的影响：步道设计在提供系统弹性和生态系统服务协同效益方面的重要性。
DOI：
10.1016/j.jenvman.2015.10.016
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发表时间：
2016
影响因子：
8.7
通讯作者：
Tomczyk AM
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Tomczyk AM
一个系统能否持续提供生态系统服务，取决于该系统能否抵御冲击和扰动。在世界许多地方，气候变化导致极端天气事件的频率增加，可能影响环境服务的提供。对波兰戈尔采国家公园的一次强降雨事件的研究表明：（1）强降雨事件通过限制潜在的娱乐机会和减少侵蚀预防，严重影响了ES的供应;（2）这些负面影响不仅限于极端事件发生期间，而且持续长达数年，根据事前跟踪情况和事后管理活动;（3）为了恢复事件前的ES供应，需要以积极修复小径的形式进行经济投资，在Gorce国家公园，比正常的道路维护费用高出一个数量级;（4）当休闲步道留给自然恢复时，观察到生物多样性的丧失，和恢复率ES（娱乐机会和土壤侵蚀预防）相比，他们的事件前的状态减少。我们的结论是，适当的步道设计和施工提供了一个很好的解决方案，以避免一些极端事件对娱乐的负面影响，以及提供共同的利益，在保护生物多样性和加强供应的调节服务，如侵蚀预防。
A continued supply of ecosystem services (ES) from a system depends on the resilience of that system to withstand shocks and perturbations. In many parts of the world, climate change is leading to an increased frequency of extreme weather events, potentially influencing ES provision. Our study of the effects of an intense rainfall event in Gorce National Park, Poland, shows: (1) the intense rainfall event impacted heavily on the supply of ES by limiting potential recreation opportunities and reducing erosion prevention; (2) these negative impacts were not only restricted to the period of the extreme event but persisted for up to several years, depending on the pre-event trail conditions and post-event management activities; (3) to restore the pre-event supply of ES, economic investments were required in the form of active repairs to trails, which, in Gorce National Park, were an order of magnitude higher than the costs of normal trail maintenance; and (4) when recreational trails were left to natural restoration, loss of biodiversity was observed, and recovery rates of ES (recreation opportunities and soil erosion prevention) were reduced in comparison to their pre-event state. We conclude that proper trail design and construction provides a good solution to avoid some of the negative impacts of extreme events on recreation, as well as offering co-benefits in terms of protecting biodiversity and enhancing the supply of regulating services such as erosion prevention.
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