Factors regulating immunoglobulin production by normal and disease-associated plasma cells.
Factors regulating immunoglobulin production by normal and disease-associated plasma cells.
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DOI：
10.3390/biom5010020
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发表时间：
2015-01-21
期刊：
影响因子：
5.5
通讯作者：
Elsawa SF
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Jackson DA;Elsawa SF
免疫球蛋白是由活化的 B 细胞和浆细胞响应抗原暴露而产生的分子。接触抗原后，这些分子就会被分泌出来，使免疫系统能够识别并有效地应对多种病原体。免疫球蛋白或抗体分泌细胞是 B 淋巴细胞的成熟形式，在发育过程中在骨髓中经历基因重排和选择，最终导致 B 细胞的产生，每个 B 细胞表达单个抗原特异性受体/免疫球蛋白分子。每个单独的免疫球蛋白分子对给定抗原上发现的独特基序或表位具有亲和力。当遇到抗原时，活化的 B 细胞会分化为浆细胞（分泌大量针对诱导抗原的特异性抗体）或记忆 B 细胞（寿命较长，如果宿主再次暴露于相同的抗原，会引发更强更快的反应）。当与抗原结合时，分泌形式的免疫球蛋白充当效应分子，指导免疫系统的其他细胞促进可溶性抗原的中和或根除表达抗原的病原体。本综述将重点关注长寿正常或疾病相关浆细胞对分泌免疫球蛋白的调节。具体来说，重点将放在调节长寿命免疫球蛋白分泌浆细胞的发育和稳态的信号传导和转录事件上。
Immunoglobulins are molecules produced by activated B cells and plasma cells in response to exposure to antigens. Upon antigen exposure, these molecules are secreted allowing the immune system to recognize and effectively respond to a myriad of pathogens. Immunoglobulin or antibody secreting cells are the mature form of B lymphocytes, which during their development undergo gene rearrangements and selection in the bone marrow ultimately leading to the generation of B cells, each expressing a single antigen-specific receptor/immunoglobulin molecule. Each individual immunoglobulin molecule has an affinity for a unique motif, or epitope, found on a given antigen. When presented with an antigen, activated B cells differentiate into either plasma cells (which secrete large amounts of antibody that is specific for the inducing antigen), or memory B cells (which are long-lived and elicit a stronger and faster response if the host is re-exposed to the same antigen). The secreted form of immunoglobulin, when bound to an antigen, serves as an effector molecule that directs other cells of the immune system to facilitate the neutralization of soluble antigen or the eradication of the antigen-expressing pathogen. This review will focus on the regulation of secreted immunoglobulin by long-lived normal or disease-associated plasma cells. Specifically, the focus will be on signaling and transcriptional events that regulate the development and homeostasis of long-lived immunoglobulin secreting plasma cells.