Arneson on Equality of Opportunity for Welfare
Arneson on Equality of Opportunity for Welfare
复制标题
阿内森论福利机会均等
DOI：
10.1111/1467-9760.00087
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发表时间：
1999
影响因子：
1.8
通讯作者：
K. Lippert‐Rasmussen
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
K. Lippert‐Rasmussen
然而，命题（1）并没有告诉我们如何评估所有可能的不平等情况。它没有告诉我们如何评估平等分配，因为有些人理应比其他人过得更糟。 2 (1) 也没有告诉我们如何评估不平等的分配，因为境况最差的人自己要对此负责。与（1）相一致的是，有些人的境况比其他人更差并且对此负有责任，这本身并不是坏事。但这也与（1）相一致，即某些人的境况比其他人更糟糕，即使他们对此负有责任，这本身就是坏事。我怀疑许多平等主义者拒绝后一种观点。此外，我怀疑，如果每个人都同样富裕，但有些人应该过得更糟，而另一些人应该过得更好，那么他们会认为不平等本身就是一件坏事。为了迎合这些直觉，并以一种告诉我们如何评估某些人在某种程度上负有责任的情况来阐明平等主义
Proposition (1), however, does not tell us how to evaluate all conceivable situations with regard to inequality. It does not tell us how to evaluate equal distributions where some deserve to be worse off than others. 2 Nor does (1) tell us how to evaluate unequal distributions where the worse off are themselves responsible for so being. It is consistent with (1) that it is not in itself bad that some people are worse off than others and responsible for so being. But it is also consistent with (1) that it is in itself bad that some people are worse off than others even if they are responsible for so being. I suspect that many egalitarians reject the latter view. Moreover, I suspect that they would consider it in itself bad with regard to inequality if, say, everyone were equally well off and yet some people deserved to be worse off and others deserved to be better off. To cater for these intuitions and to articulate egalitarianism in a way that tells us how to evaluate cases in which some people are to some extent responsible for