The effectiveness and sustainability of two demand-driven sanitation and hygiene approaches in Zimbabwe
The effectiveness and sustainability of two demand-driven sanitation and hygiene approaches in Zimbabwe
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津巴布韦两种需求驱动的环境卫生和个人卫生方法的有效性和可持续性
DOI：
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发表时间：
2011
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
J. Webster
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Luke Whaley;J. Webster
自2000年以来，出现了一些由社区推动的环卫办法，这些办法扭转了向穷人提供厕所补贴的历史趋势。本研究报告的一套调查结果和结论的有效性和可持续性的两个这样的方法在津巴布韦，社区健康俱乐部（CHC）的方法和社区领导的全面卫生（CLTS）。在三个地区的十个项目社区进行了调查、访谈和重点小组讨论。结果表明，尽管对这一想法几乎没有抵制，但一个家庭拥有厕所的能力在很大程度上取决于其负担能力。负担得起也是提升“卫生阶梯”的关键，如果要长期维持行为改变，这是必要的。虽然这两种方法都有效地鼓励了打击露天排便的措施，但只有健身俱乐部在洗手方面有显著增加。然而，CLTS证明在促进厕所建设方面更有效，这表明社区卫生中心在强调洗手等卫生习惯的同时，需要更加重视CLTS带来的卫生问题。
Since 2000 a number of community-driven sanitation approaches have emerged that counter a historical trend to subsidise the provision of latrines to the poor. This study reports on a set of findings and conclusions concerning the effectiveness and sustainability of two such approaches operating in Zimbabwe, the community health club (CHC) approach and community-led total sanitation (CLTS). Surveys, interviews and focus groups were conducted in a total of ten project communities from three districts. Results show that, despite little resistance to the idea, a household’s ability to own a latrine depends heavily on its ability to afford one. Affordability is also key in moving up the ‘sanitation ladder’, which is necessary if behaviour change is to be sustained in the long term. Whilst both approaches effectively encouraged measures that combat open defecation, only health clubs witnessed a significant increase in the adoption of hand washing. However, CLTS proved more effective in promoting latrine construction, suggesting that the emphasis the CHCs place on hygiene practices such as hand washing needs to be coupled with an even stronger focus on the issue of sanitation brought by CLTS.